Clinical Approach to Dermatologic Disease in Exotic Animals

Palmeiro, B.; Roberts, Helen

doi:10.1016/j.cvex.2013.05.003

Cited by 21 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Skin disease is one of the most commonly diagnosed disorders in pet guinea pigs (Palmeiro and Roberts 2013). In the present study, it was the second most commonly seen disorder.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diseases in pet guinea pigs: a retrospective study in 1000 animals

et al. 2015

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Guinea pigs are commonly kept as pet animals; however, information about particular disease prevalence is lacking. The objective of this article was to present disease prevalence in 1000 pet guinea pigs from private owners divided into three age groups: under two years; between two and five years; and above five years. Medical records of guinea pigs () that were presented to the authors' clinic in the period from January 2008 to August 2013 were reviewed. The most commonly diagnosed disease in guinea pigs was dental disease (36.3 per cent), with higher prevalence in the middle age group (P<0.001) and in males (P<0.001) rather than females. Skin problems were seen as the second most common disease (33.3 per cent), with higher prevalence in male guinea pigs (P<0.001) and in animals younger than two years (P<0.001). Ovarian cystic disease was the third most commonly seen disorder, with higher prevalence in females older than two years (P<0.001). Other common health disorders included gastrointestinal stasis, heterotopic ciliary body calcifications, fatty eye and tibiofemoral osteoarthritis. Only 81 guinea pigs from a total of 1000 animals were healthy. This is the first study to describe the disease prevalence in three age groups of pet guinea pigs.

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“…Skin disease is one of the most commonly diagnosed disorders in pet guinea pigs (Palmeiro and Roberts 2013). In the present study, it was the second most commonly seen disorder.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diseases in pet guinea pigs: a retrospective study in 1000 animals

et al. 2015

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“…The most prevalent lesion that we found was dermatitis (34%), similar to head-started loggerheads (41%, Orós et al 2020), and a common lesion among captive reptiles (Palmeiro and Roberts 2013). Dermatitis affected all age groups, suggesting that skin infections are potentially acquired both from the nesting environment and during rehabilitative care.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Pathology of Hatchling Hawksbill Sea Turtle (Eretmochelys Imbricata) Mortalities Occurring While Under Rehabilitative Care, 2015–21

Rodríguez

Stewart

Picknell

et al. 2023

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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Increasing hatchling survival is an important element of conservation of the critically endangered hawksbill sea turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata). Yet, there is little information regarding mortality-associated pathological states of hawksbill hatchlings. The aim of this study was to describe lesions affecting hawksbill hatchlings that died while under rehabilitative care. Forty-four turtles representing the nesting sites of two islands and a 7-yr study period were subjected to comprehensive postmortem examination. The most common lesions included dermatitis (34%), skeletal malformations (23%), and pneumonia (23%). Dermatitis and pneumonia were caused by a variety of presumptively opportunistic bacterial and fungal infections. Fungal infections affected 23% of study turtles, also causing rhinitis and esophagitis. Around half of the cases of dermatitis presented with history of skin lesions, and all those involving periocular areas had clinical history of eye lesions. Pneumonia was not predicted by clinical signs or time in rehabilitation. Malformations included carapace compressions, supra-or subnumerary scutes, and dysmelias with many of those affected having concurrent pathology involving other organs. Other lesions included bacterial yolk sacculitis (15%), skeletal muscle degeneration and necrosis (13%), and acute renal tubular necrosis (13%). The study population was female biased (93%), raising concern for skewed hatchling sex ratios and high incubation temperatures in the eastern Caribbean. The pathology described by this study improves our understanding of threats to hawksbill hatchlings and may be taken into consideration by clinicians when implementing strategies for rehabilitative care.

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“…The fact that clinical relevance of bacterial species found on reptile skin is often unclear, stresses the importance of a systematic anamnesis with special regard to underlying husbandry issues [ 1 , 2 , 45 ] and a detailed clinical examination of the patient. Also, further research, based on correct identification of the bacterial species, is needed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges in microbiological identification of aerobic bacteria isolated from the skin of reptiles

et al. 2020

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Introduction Bacterial pathogens are often involved in dermatitis in reptiles. Exact identification of reptilespecific but otherwise uncommon bacterial species may be challenging. However, identification is crucial to evaluate the importance of the detected bacterial species. Objective The aim of this study was to assess the number of aerobic bacterial isolates cultured from skin-derived samples of reptiles which were not reliably identified by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), and to determine their identity. Material and methods Routine bacterial diagnostics were performed on 235 skin samples, and 417 bacterial isolates were analysed by MALDI-TOF MS. The isolates were grouped into categories based on their first score: category I (� 2.00), category II (� 1.70 and < 2.00), and category III (< 1.70). Isolates from category III were further investigated by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and the following criteria were applied: query cover 100%, e-value rounded to 0.0 and sequence identity (%) > 98.00% for genus identification, and > 99.00% for species identification. Results The majority of bacterial isolates were in category I (85.1%) or category II (8.4%). In category III (6.5%) results achieved at first by MALDI-TOF MS corresponded to the results of the molecular analysis in 8.0% of isolates at the species level and in 24.0% at the genus level. Bacterial isolates classified as category III were heterogenic in genus (e.g. Chryseobacterium, Devriesea, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, Uruburuella), and some have only been described in reptiles so far.

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Clinical Approach to Dermatologic Disease in Exotic Animals

Cited by 21 publications

References 22 publications

Diseases in pet guinea pigs: a retrospective study in 1000 animals

Diseases in pet guinea pigs: a retrospective study in 1000 animals

Pathology of Hatchling Hawksbill Sea Turtle (Eretmochelys Imbricata) Mortalities Occurring While Under Rehabilitative Care, 2015–21

Challenges in microbiological identification of aerobic bacteria isolated from the skin of reptiles

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