Clinical aspects of parvovirus B19 infection

Broliden, Kristina; Tolfvenstam, Thomas; Norbeck, Oscar

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2796.2006.01697.x

Cited by 190 publications

(247 citation statements)

References 254 publications

(307 reference statements)

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“…Although the human parvoviruses examined in A3A studies are not human pathogens, other parvoviruses are pathogenic, including parvovirus B19, which causes a childhood disease called erythema infectiosum (slapped cheek syndrome; reviewed in Ref. 70). B19 typically infects erythroid precursors, but evidence of B19 infection has been reported in macrophages from patient samples (71), raising the possibility that MDMs may act as a first line of defense against this infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innate Immune Signaling Induces High Levels of TC-specific Deaminase Activity in Primary Monocyte-derived Cells through Expression of APOBEC3A Isoforms

Thielen

McNevin

McElrath

et al. 2010

Journal of Biological Chemistry

105

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In HIV-1-infected individuals, G-to-A hypermutation is found in HIV-1 DNA isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). These mutations are thought to result from editing by one or more host enzymes in the APOBEC3 (A3) family of cytidine deaminases, which act on CC (APOBEC3G) and TC (other A3 proteins) dinucleotide motifs in DNA (edited cytidine underlined). Although many A3 proteins display high levels of deaminase activity in model systems, only low levels of A3 deaminase activity have been found in primary cells examined to date. In contrast, here we report high levels of deaminase activity at TC motifs when whole PBMCs or isolated primary monocyte-derived cells were treated with interferon-␣ (IFN␣) or IFN␣-inducing toll-like receptor ligands. Induction of TC-specific deaminase activity required new transcription and translation and correlated with the appearance of two APOBEC3A (A3A) isoforms. Knockdown of A3A in monocytes with siRNA abolished TC-specific deaminase activity, confirming that A3A isoforms are responsible for all TC-specific deaminase activity observed. Both A3A isoforms appear to be enzymatically active; moreover, our mutational studies raise the possibility that the smaller isoform results from internal translational initiation. In contrast to the high levels of TC-specific activity observed in IFN␣-treated monocytes, CC-specific activity remained low in PBMCs, suggesting that A3G deaminase activity is relatively inhibited, unlike that of A3A. Together, these findings suggest that deaminase activity of A3A isoforms in monocytes and macrophages may play an important role in host defense against viruses. A33 proteins are cytidine deaminases that are capable of inhibiting replication of retroviruses, DNA viruses, and retroelements (reviewed in Refs. 1-3). The seven A3 proteins in the human genome share a strong preference for deaminating cytidines that are in a CC or TC context in single-stranded DNA (edited cytidine underlined). Although APOBEC3G (A3G), the best understood A3 protein, acts preferentially on CC motifs, the six other human A3 proteins display varying degrees of preference for TC motifs (4 -13). Because other cytidine deaminases, such as activation-induced deaminase and APOBEC1, either display a strong preference for editing deoxycytidines in other dinucleotide contexts or act on TC motifs in RNA (4), mutations that arise in a CC or TC context in DNA constitute signatures of editing by A3 proteins.Much headway has been made in understanding how A3 proteins act on HIV-1 DNA, in part through transfection of A3 plasmids into human epithelium-derived cell lines, such as 293T or HeLa cells, which lack significant endogenous expression of most A3 proteins. From such studies, A3G and APOBEC3F (A3F) are known to be packaged into virus particles when the HIV-1 Vif protein is not expressed and to cause a substantial reduction in virus infectivity (5, 12, 14 -16). Reduced virus infectivity results in part from non-enzymatic inhibition of reverse transcription by A3G and A3F (17-2...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innate Immune Signaling Induces High Levels of TC-specific Deaminase Activity in Primary Monocyte-derived Cells through Expression of APOBEC3A Isoforms

Thielen

McNevin

McElrath

et al. 2010

Journal of Biological Chemistry

105

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“…This is also reflected in the ratio of maternal infections which varies from 1 in 643 pregnancies in Belgium to 1 in 171 pregnancies in Poland. Note that we are only able give a very broad estimate of the total number of fetal deaths due to parvovirus B19 infection during pregnancy because of the wide range of estimates reported in the literature for this parameter [1,11].…”

Section: Estimating the Burden Of Parvovirus B19 Infections In Pregnamentioning

confidence: 99%

Parvovirus B19 infection in five European countries: seroepidemiology, force of infection and maternal risk of infection

et al. 2007

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SummaryWe conducted a seroprevalence survey in Belgium, Finland, England & Wales, Italy and Poland on 13449 serum samples broadly representative in terms of geography and age.Samples were tested for the presence of immunoglobulin G antibody using a enzyme immuno-assay. The age-specific risk of infection was estimated using parametric and nonparametric statistical modeling. The age-specific risk in all 5 countries was highest in children aged 7-9 years and lower in adults. The average proportion of women in childbearing age susceptible to parvovirus B19 infection and the risk of a pregnant women acquiring B19 infection during pregnancy was estimated to be 26% and 0.61%,in Belgium, 38% and 0.69% in England & Wales, 43.5% and 1.24% in Finland, 39.9% and 0.92% in Italy and 36.8% and 1.58% in Poland, respectively. Our study indicates substantial epidemiological differences in Europe regarding parvovirus B19 infection.3

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“…[10][11][12][13] A few studies address the incidence and clinical spectrum of B19V infections among HSCT patients; however, large prospective studies among the pediatric population are lacking. B19V infections can be severe after allogeneic HSCT and in addition to aplastic crises 14 cause pneumonia 10 and multiorgan failure. 11 B19V can have a clinical impact also in non-transplanted patients with hematologic malignancy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human parvoviruses B19, PARV4 and bocavirus in pediatric patients with allogeneic hematopoietic SCT

Rahiala

Koskenvuo

Norja

et al. 2013

Bone Marrow Transplant

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Among the immunocompetent, infections with parvovirus B19 (B19V) and human bocavirus (HBoV) 1 range clinically from asymptomatic to severe, while following allogeneic hematopoietic SCT (HSCT) B19V can cause a persistent severe illness. The epidemiology and clinical impact of HBoV1 and the other emerging parvovirus 4 (PARV4) among immunocompromised patients have not been established. To determine the occurrence and clinical spectrum of B19V, PARV4 and HBoV1 infections, we performed a longitudinal molecular surveillance among 53 allogeneic HSCT recipients for pre-and post-HSCT DNAemias of these parvoviruses. Quantitative real-time PCR showed B19V DNA in sera of 16 (30%) patients, at mean levels of 4.6 Â 10 3 , 9.9 Â 10 7 , 1.1 Â 10 10 and 1.6 Â 10 2 B19V DNA copies/mL pre-HSCT (9/53), and at 1 (6/53), 2 (4/53) and 3 months (1/25) post HSCT, respectively. However, no clinical manifestation correlated with the presence of B19V viremia. All B19V sequences were of genotype 1. None of the sera investigated contained PARV4 or HBoV1 DNAs. Our data demonstrate B19V viremia to be frequent among pediatric allogeneic HSCT recipients, yet without apparent clinical correlates. PARV4 or HBoV1 viremias were not seen in these immunocompromised patients.

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Clinical aspects of parvovirus B19 infection

Cited by 190 publications

References 254 publications

Innate Immune Signaling Induces High Levels of TC-specific Deaminase Activity in Primary Monocyte-derived Cells through Expression of APOBEC3A Isoforms

Innate Immune Signaling Induces High Levels of TC-specific Deaminase Activity in Primary Monocyte-derived Cells through Expression of APOBEC3A Isoforms

Parvovirus B19 infection in five European countries: seroepidemiology, force of infection and maternal risk of infection

Human parvoviruses B19, PARV4 and bocavirus in pediatric patients with allogeneic hematopoietic SCT

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