“…Mechanical ventilation has been widely used in the management of HMD for the past 10 years (Thomas et al, 1965;Cooke et al, 1967;Adamson et al, 1968;Heese et al, 1970;Linsao et al, 1970;Reynolds, 1970b;Stahlman et al, 1970;Stem et al, 1970;Daily, Sunshine, and Smith, 1971;Chernick and Vidyasagar, 1972;Cumarasamy et al, 1973). Our own interest in this form of treatment began at the end of 1965, and from early 1966 onwards all infants weighing more than 1000 g who were so severely affected by the illness that their chances of intact survival seemed severely jeopardized have been ventilated.…”