Clinical assessment of countermovement jump landing kinematics in early adolescence: Sex differences and normative values

Holden, Sinéad; Boreham, Colin; Doherty, Cailbhe; Wang, Dan; Delahunt, Eamonn

doi:10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2015.03.008

Cited by 23 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Smith et al 39 showed the same sex × fatigue interaction for knee flexion excursion. No main effect of sex was seen for knee flexion angle at IC, which is in contrast to a recent study involving adolescents 13 but in line with another on prepubertal and pubertal children 7 and adults. 22 …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Effects of Sex and Fatigue on Biomechanical Measures During the Drop-Jump Task in Children

Briem

Jónsdóttir

Árnason

et al. 2017

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine

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Background:Female athletes have a higher rate of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury than males from adolescence and into maturity, which is suggested to result from sex-specific changes in dynamic movement patterns with maturation. Few studies have studied movement strategies and response to fatigue in children.Purpose:To evaluate the effect of fatigue on biomechanical variables associated with increased risk for ACL injury during a drop-jump (DJ) performance in children.Study Design:Controlled laboratory study.Methods:A total of 116 children (mean age, 10.4 years) were recruited from local sports clubs and performed 5 repetitions of a DJ task before and after a fatigue protocol. Kinematic and kinetic data from initial contact (IC) to the first peak vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) were analyzed for both limbs, including limb and fatigue as within-subject factors for analyses between boys and girls. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to identify associations between variables of interest.Results:Girls demonstrated greater peak vGRF values than boys (by 8.1%; P < .05), there were greater peak vGRF values for the right limb than the left (by 6.2%; P < .001), and fatigue led to slightly greater values (P < .05). Although weak, the correlation between peak vGRF values and knee flexion excursion was stronger for girls (r = –0.20) than boys (r = –0.08) (P < .006). Fatigue resulted in greater knee flexion angles at IC and less excursion during landing, more so for girls (by 6.1° vs 1.4°; interaction, P < .001), although the knee flexion moment was generally lowered by fatigue (P < .001). Limb asymmetry in knee flexion moments was more pronounced for boys than for girls (interaction, P < .05), contrary to that seen in frontal plane knee moments, where asymmetry was much greater in girls than boys (interaction, P < .001).Conclusion:Even as young athletes, girls and boys seem to adopt dissimilar movement strategies and are differently affected by fatigue.Clinical Relevance:Injury prevention programs should be considered at an earlier age in an effort to lower the risk of ACL injury in athletes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Effects of Sex and Fatigue on Biomechanical Measures During the Drop-Jump Task in Children

Briem

Jónsdóttir

Árnason

et al. 2017

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine

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“…The direction and magnitude in the change of angle will be the same, irrespective of whether it is measured from joint centers or markers placed on the skin. The modified technique outlined in the current investigation demonstrates excellent correlation with measures from 3D motion analysis and has previously been shown to have excellent reliability (Holden et al, 2015). By measuring valgus angular displacement, we quantified dynamic valgus (which is described as medial collapse of the knee), rather than the static "Q-angle" which is a measure of anatomic alignment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two‐dimensional knee valgus displacement as a predictor of patellofemoral pain in adolescent females

Holden

Boreham

Doherty

et al. 2015

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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Patellofemoral pain (PFP) is a prevalent lower limb musculo-skeletal injury in adolescent females. Female athletes with PFP display increased frontal plane knee joint motion in comparison to control subjects. The current investigation aimed to determine prospectively whether two-dimensional knee valgus displacement during landing could predict the risk of developing PFP. Seventy-six injury-free adolescent female athletes (age = 12.9 ±0.35 years) participated. At baseline participants performed three drop vertical jump trials from a 31-cm box. A standard video camera was used to record frontal plane knee joint kinematics. Over the 24-month follow-up, eight participants developed PFP, as diagnosed by a Chartered Physiotherapist. Knee valgus displacement was significantly increased in those who developed PFP compared to those who did not (mean difference = 7.79°; P = 0.002; partial eta squared = 0.07). Knee valgus displacement ≥10.6° predicted PFP with a sensitivity of 0.75 and specificity of 0.85. The associated positive likelihood ratio was 5. These results have clinical utility suggesting that two-dimensional analysis could be implemented to screen for increased risk of PFP in adolescent female athletes.

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“…Leg muscle power is determinant for higher jumping; however, many other factors, such as the variety of training modalities (e.g., weight training) [11], plyometric [12], electro-stimulation training [13], jumping techniques, and joint mobility could improve block skills through jumping performance [14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selected Kinematic Characteristics Analysis of Knee and Ankle Joints During Block Jump Among Elite Junior Volleyball Players

Fatahi

Sadeghi

Molla

et al. 2019

PTJ

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The present study examined selected kinematic characteristics analysis of knee and ankle joints during block jump in elite junior volleyball players. Methods: Thirty male junior elite volleyball players (Mean±SD age: 18.14±1.12 y, height: 197.10±3.16 cm, sports history: 4.39±0.95 y, & weight: 771.20±59.83 N) participated in this study. A time-synchronized 5-camera sampling at 100 Hz was used to determine the Three Dimensional (3D) coordinates of markers. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, linear regression, and magnitude of coefficient were used in SPSS to analyze the obtained data (P<0.05). Results: The Mean±SD height of block jump was 45.5±2.06 cm, and the Mean±SD angles of knee and ankle flexion were 93.37±4.75 and 21.25±2.98 cm, respectively. Moreover, there was a negative relationship between knee and ankle flexion angle and block jump height (-0.051,-0.054, respectively) (P<0.05). However, smaller knee flexion angles had more negative effect on block jump height (0.741) (P<0.05). Conclusion: The study results could be used by coaches as a simple tool in jumping performance among junior volleyball players. The obtained data could also be beneficial in the efficient control of applied training procedures.

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Clinical assessment of countermovement jump landing kinematics in early adolescence: Sex differences and normative values

Cited by 23 publications

References 44 publications

Effects of Sex and Fatigue on Biomechanical Measures During the Drop-Jump Task in Children

Effects of Sex and Fatigue on Biomechanical Measures During the Drop-Jump Task in Children

Two‐dimensional knee valgus displacement as a predictor of patellofemoral pain in adolescent females

Selected Kinematic Characteristics Analysis of Knee and Ankle Joints During Block Jump Among Elite Junior Volleyball Players

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