Clinical assessment of oral malodor using autofluorescence of tongue coating

Lee, Eun Song; Yim, Hyun Kyung; Lee, Hyung Suk; Jh, Choi; Lee, Ji Hyun; Kim, Baek Il

doi:10.1016/j.pdpdt.2015.09.001

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…It has been reported that oral biofilms formed on the teeth or tongue surface can be observed as red fluorescence (RF) using quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) technology that uses a narrowband blue light source (centered at 405 nm) obtained by modifying the filter set. 6,7 This phenomenon of autofluorescence is known to be caused by bacterial metabolites, such as an endogenous metal-free fluorescent porphyrin. 8,9 The porphyrin derivatives have previously been held responsible for fluorescence emission in the red spectral region of dental biofilm and caries lesions when excited with 405 nm violet light.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Red fluorescence of dental biofilm as an indicator for assessing the efficacy of antimicrobials

Lee

Jong

2018

J. Biomed. Opt.

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The study aimed to determine whether the red fluorescence (RF) of a dental microcosm biofilm as measured with quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) technology is useful for assessing the efficacy of antimicrobials. Dental microcosm biofilms were formed on bovine enamel discs and grown under 0.3% sucrose challenge and treated with chlorhexidine (CHX) solutions at different concentrations (0.05%, 0.1%, and 0.5%) plus a negative control [sterile distilled water (DW)] twice daily for 7 days. The biofilms were photographed using a QLF-digital system to evaluate the RF by calculating the red/green ratio, and pH values of the medium were measured daily. After 7 days, the bacterial viability of the biofilm was assessed by measuring the counts of viable total bacteria and aciduric bacteria, and the percentage surface microhardness changes (%SHC) was evaluated. The RF and cariogenic properties were compared for the different concentrations of CHX, and their correlations were examined. The RF and its increase rate were much lower for CHX-treated biofilms than for DW-treated biofilms. The RF after 7 days of maturation decreased significantly with increasing CHX concentrations (p<0.001) and was from 31% (for 0.05% CHX) to 46% (for 0.5% CHX) lower than that of the DW group. Strong correlations were reported between the RF of the 7-day-maturation biofilms and cariogenic properties, such as the number of total bacteria (r=0.93), number of aciduric bacteria (r=0.97), supernatant pH (r=0.43), and %SHC (r=0.98). In conclusion, the RF of dental biofilms as measured with QLF technology can be used to nondestructively assess and monitor the effect of antimicrobials against biofilm.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Red fluorescence of dental biofilm as an indicator for assessing the efficacy of antimicrobials

Lee

Jong

2018

J. Biomed. Opt.

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“…The subject was instructed to extend his or her tongue out, and the examiner manually extended the tongue as much as possible to both minimize its movements during image acquisition and expose a maximum area of the tongue. 32 The examiner fixed the end of the cylindrical ring on the patient's face and took the tongue images.…”

Section: Fluorescence Image Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To account for differences in tongue size between individuals, the RF intensity value was obtained by calculating the mean ratio of the red and green intensities (R∕G ratio) of every pixel, and the RF area was derived as a percentage by calculating the ratio of the number of red-fluorescencing pixels to the total number of pixels within the AOI. 32 The interdental plaque was analyzed to reflect the differences in the amounts of plaque collected from the flossed area. An AOI of the entire flossed area was drawn around the boundary of the flossed area in the fluorescence image.…”

Section: Image Analysis and Fluorescence Score Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…21,[23][24][25] From recent studies, it has been confirmed that a plaque assessment method based on autofluorescence of oral biofilms can be used to quantify dental plaque and tongue plaque by assessing their RF intensity detected by QLF systems 26 and that tongue plaque produces RF that shows a higher-than-moderate correlation with the level of oral malodor. 27 If QLF technology can be used to detect bacterial biofilms that mainly comprise anaerobes producing malodorous compounds and to quantify their accumulation status comprehensively, this will make it possible to evaluate oral malodor more precisely than when assessing only a single-bacterial factor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plaque autofluorescence as potential diagnostic targets for oral malodor

et al. 2016

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The aim of this study was to determine whether the degree of tongue and interdental plaque can be used to assess oral malodor by quantifying their fluorescence as detected using quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) technology. Ninety-nine subjects who complained of oral malodor were included. The level of oral malodor was quantified using the organoleptic score (OLS) and the concentration of volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs). The fluorescence properties of tongue and interdental plaque were quantified as scores calculated by multiplying the intensity and area of fluorescence in QLF-digital images, and the combined plaque fluorescence (CPF) score was obtained by summing the scores for the two regions. The associations of the scores with malodor levels and the diagnostic accuracy of the CPF score were analyzed. The two plaque fluorescence scores and their combined score differed significantly with the level of oral malodor (p<0.001). The CPF score was moderately correlated with OLS (r=0.64) and VSC levels (r=0.54), and its area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.77 for identifying subjects with definite oral malodor (OLS≥2). In conclusion, plaque fluorescence from tongue and interdental sites as detected using QLF technology can be used to assess the level of oral malodor.

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“…Bu araĢtırmalarda QLF-D (Quantitative Light-induced Fluorescence-Digital) ile organoleptik puan ve uçucu kükürt seviyeleri karĢılaĢtırılmıĢtır ve aralarında yüksek derecede iliĢki bulunmuĢtur. 52 Otofloresans teĢhis yöntemine örnek olarak VELscope cihazı, ağız kokusu teĢhisi için uygun bir alettir. 53…”

Section: Teġhġs Teknġklerġunclassified

Hali̇tozi̇si̇n Yeni̇den Siniflandirilmasi Ve Uygun Teşhi̇s Yöntemleri̇

DERİNDAĞ¹,

MİLOĞLU²,

Özdoğan³

2016

Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi

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Ağız kokusu nefes yoluyla yayılan kötü koku olarak tanımlanır. Kötü koku ağızdaki besin maddelerinin ya da diğer artıkların bakteriler tarafından yıkılmasından ve kötü ağız hijyeninden kaynaklanır. Uçucu sülfür bileĢikleri, oral malodorun önde gelen unsurlarıdır. Ağız kokusunun prevalansı dünyada %22 ile %50 arasındadır. Koku multifaktöriyel etiyolojiye sahiptir, lokal faktörler vakaların çoğunda önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Dil dorsumu ağız kokusunun en önemli kaynağıdır. Halitozis değerlendirmesi organoleptik ölçümler, sülfür monitörü, gaz kromatografisi kullanılarak yapılabilir. Doğru bir teĢhis yapmak, hastalığın nedenlerini belirlemek ve hasta tedavisi için uygun adımlar atmak önemlidir. Tedavi altta yatan sebebe yönelik olmalıdır. Bu derlemede ağız kokusunun intraoral ve ekstraoral nedenleri, güncel sınıflandırması ve teĢhis yöntemleri, tedavisindeki güncel yaklaĢımlar ile ilgili bilgi verilmeye çalıĢılmıĢtır.

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Clinical assessment of oral malodor using autofluorescence of tongue coating

Cited by 18 publications

References 34 publications

Red fluorescence of dental biofilm as an indicator for assessing the efficacy of antimicrobials

Red fluorescence of dental biofilm as an indicator for assessing the efficacy of antimicrobials

Plaque autofluorescence as potential diagnostic targets for oral malodor

Hali̇tozi̇si̇n Yeni̇den Siniflandirilmasi Ve Uygun Teşhi̇s Yöntemleri̇

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