Clinical Assessment of the Face

Soft Tissue Profile Changes After Mandibular Setback Surgery

“…The NLA parameter is extremely important in an aesthetic evaluation of the facial profile. The nasolabial angle is characterized by a large inter-individual and population variability, which is reflected in a wide range of norms provided by various authors [21,23,24]. Some authors emphasize that the value of this angle should be slightly higher for women than for men [24].…”

“…That is why different methods of cephalometric measurement, based on determining the angles and distances, have been created [19][20][21]. In this study, the facial contour angle measurements and analysis proposed by Hwang et al [19] were applied in order to evaluate the changes within the soft tissue profile.…”

Nose and Nasal Architecture: An ethnic variations

“…The following evaluations were done a) Goode Method [8,9,10] b) FomansMethod [11] Nasal Architecture Nasal Landmarks ( Fig 1 A and B Inter group comparison of nasal architecture revels that  Shape of dorsum: -Convex in all three groups of Nepalese females and there were no significant differences among the groups. Table: 1, Fig: 3 (A)  Nasal Projection:-Tarai region females had maximum projection of the nose (61% ± 8) followed by Hilly females (60% ± 5.50) and least projection of nose was found in mountainous region females (50% ± 7).…”

“…In women, angles ranging from 90° to 120 14 have been advocated. The Caucasian norms also states that the width of the nasal base is approximately equal to the distance between the inner canthus of the eyes, which in turn should approximate one eye's width when Viewed from below the ideal nose should approximate an equilateral triangle and the columella to lobule relationship should be 2:1 and tip of the nose should be 35% -45% to the base of the nose in width and the nasal apertures should be oriented at an angle of 45 10 to the true vertical. Nepalese Nose Peck and Peck 12 reviewed data related to historical art collections and discussed the scientific evaluation of dental occlusions and faces with the Golden Ratio.…”

“…The ideal location for the nasion is at the level of the upper eyelash with the eye in a straight gaze. In this study the nasal tip projection was evaluated by the Goode's method 10 which states that distance between the Alar Facial Crease and Nasal Tip should not be more than the 55% -65% to the distance between the Nasion and Tip of the Nose. Tip Rotation is often a controversial esthetic nasal parameter.…”