Clinical Blood Typing and Crossmatching

Wardrop, K. Jane

doi:10.1002/9781119500537.ch107

Cited by 5 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Crossmatching is a valuable tool to determine transfusion compatibility, however complications can still occur with compatible crossmatch reactions (Tocci & Ewing, 2009; Wardrop, 2022). Transfusion reactions can be immune mediated, such as acute or delayed hemolytic reactions, anaphylaxis, febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions (FNHTR), transfusion associated lung injury (TRALI), or other responses (Davidow, 2013; Dean, 2005; Maxwell & Wilson, 2006; Suddock & Crookston, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood crossmatching patterns in a population of killer whales (Orcinus orca) in managed care

Nollens

Teman

Burgess

et al. 2023

Marine Mammal Science

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Blood crossmatching is necessary to determine transfusion compatibility between individuals, especially for species for which blood groups have not yet been defined, such as the killer whale (Orcinus orca). This study evaluated methodology for crossmatching in killer whales from a managed care population using individuals of known lineages. Twenty killer whales were evaluated for major or minor crossmatch incompatibilities, determined by evidence of macro‐agglutination. Crossmatching incompatibilities were rarely observed, both when considering 1+ reactions as incompatibilities (~15%; 59/400 pairings with 1+ to 4+) and when omitting 1+ reactions (6%; 24/400 pairings with 2+ to 4+). A universal red blood cell donor within this population (whale T) and universal recipients of red blood cells within this population (whales E, M, O, P, R, S) were identified. Relationships were examined between the most common major crossmatch phenotypes and maternal or paternal lineages. Since these whales have not been previously transfused, the diversity of crossmatch reactions could indicate the presence and diversity of preexisting alloantibodies in killer whale plasma. This study highlights the clinical value of applying a personalized medicine approach to a managed care population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood crossmatching patterns in a population of killer whales (Orcinus orca) in managed care

Nollens

Teman

Burgess

et al. 2023

Marine Mammal Science

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“…The hematophagous effect of ectoparasites is similar to chronic blood loss (Thrall, 2015). Initially, these are regenerative anemias, but due to the continuous and severe loss of essential nutrients, such as iron, these anemias can progress until they are non-regenerative (Weiss and Wardrop, 2010). Anemia can be defined as the decrease in RBC, Hb, and/or HCT below the reference values for the species, and its main impact on health is the decrease in the blood's ability to transport oxygen to the body's tissues (Stockham and Scott, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The decrease in RBC, Hb, and HCT is usually proportional to the reduction in erythroid mass because they reflect the RBC content of the blood. Otherwise, there may be changes in MCV and MCHC (Weiss and Wardrop, 2010; Stockham and Scott, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even today, the functions of eosinophils and basophils are not well known. Eosinophils have granules that contain highly cytotoxic proteins that damage parasite membranes, participate in the modulation of allergic reactions, and have phagocytic and anti-tumor activity (Weiss and Wardrop, 2010; Thrall, 2015). Basophils also participate in type I hypersensitivity processes; however, they are believed to have a deleterious effect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These cells have low phagocytic activity and are necessary for their chemotactic action on eosinophils and neutrophils. Basophils also secrete heparin, a molecule with anticoagulant properties (Weiss and Wardrop, 2010). Szabó et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence that ectoparasites influence the hematological parameters of the host: a systematic review

Nogueira,

da Silva Soares,

Mauricio Ortega Orozco

et al. 2023

Anim. Health. Res. Rev.

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Ectoparasites are important to the one health concept because their parasitism can result in the transmission of pathogens, allergic reactions, the release of toxins, morbidity, and even death of the host. Ectoparasites can affect host physiology, as reflected in immune defenses and body condition as well as hematological and biochemical parameters. Thus, evidence that ectoparasites influence host hematological parameters was systematically reviewed, and the methodological quality of these studies was analyzed. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines were followed, and the studies included were limited to those that evaluated changes in hematological tests in ectoparasite-infested and non-infested animals, and bias and methodological quality were evaluated using the Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments guideline. Thirty-four studies were selected and information about the host, ectoparasite infestation, blood collection, and analysis was collected and compared whenever possible. In this review, the presence of ectoparasites influenced both the red series and the white series of hematological parameters. Among the main parameters analyzed, hematocrit, red blood cells, hemoglobin, and lymphocytes showed reductions, probably due to ectoparasite blood-feeding, while including eosinophils, neutrophils, and basophils increased in infested animals due to the host immune response. However, methodologic improvements are needed to reduce the risk of bias, enhance the reproducibility of such studies, and ensure results aligned with the mechanisms that act in the ectoparasite-host relationship.

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Camel filariasis (Dipetalonema evansi) and its association with clinical balanoposthitis with reference to prominent changes in clinical findings, serum testosterone, semen analysis, and testicular histopathology

Khalphallah,

Al-Daek,

Abdelhamid

et al. 2024

BMC Vet Res

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Background Camel filariasis induced variable clinical syndromes characterized by fever, lethargy, localized dermal lesions, loss of condition, and testicular and scrotal swelling. The objective of the present work focused on clarifying the diagnostic importance of clinical findings, serum testosterone, and semen analysis as well as blood smear and testicular histopathology as a differential tool between only balanoposthitis without filariasis male camels group (OnlyBpgr) and balanoposthitis-filariasis infected male camels group (BpFlgr). The study also monitored the associations between the severity of ticks’ infestations in investigated male camels and the occurrence of balanoposthitis only or balanoposthitis with filariasis. Results and conclusions The study reported significant correlation between serum testosterone, serum cortisol, and sperm vitality and abnormalities percentages. The study included male camels (n = 250) classified into three groups: healthy control group (Contgr; n = 30), OnlyBpgr (n = 210), and BpFlgr (n = 10). These male camels were clinically and laboratory examined, and skin scraping tests and testicular histopathology were conducted. The study confirmed the association of the changes in clinical findings, whole blood picture, serum testosterone, serum cortisol, and semen analysis, with OnlyBpgr and BpFlgr. These changes were more prominent in BpFlgr than in OnlyBpgr. Skin scraping test results revealed a higher severity of live ticks’ infestation in BpFlgr than in OnlyBpgr because, unlike OnlyBpgr, all camels in BpFlgr (n = 10) were suffering from live ticks’ infestation. It also concluded the higher efficacy of histopathology of testicular tissues in male camels as a diagnostic tool for adult filaria in balanoposthitis-affected male camels than blood smear because all cases of camel filariasis in the current work were negative for microfilaria on microscopic examination of diurnal blood smear as well as testicular histopathology revealed detection of adult filaria in all camel filariasis associated with balanoposthitis. Strong correlation relationships were demonstrated between serum testosterone, serum cortisol, and semen analysis results. Positive correlations were reported between serum testosterone levels and sperm vitality percentages. However, negative correlations were stated between serum testosterone and each of serum cortisol and sperm abnormalities either in Contgr, OnlyBpgr, or BpFlgr.

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Clinical Blood Typing and Crossmatching

Cited by 5 publications

References 18 publications

Blood crossmatching patterns in a population of killer whales (Orcinus orca) in managed care

Blood crossmatching patterns in a population of killer whales (Orcinus orca) in managed care

Evidence that ectoparasites influence the hematological parameters of the host: a systematic review

Camel filariasis (Dipetalonema evansi) and its association with clinical balanoposthitis with reference to prominent changes in clinical findings, serum testosterone, semen analysis, and testicular histopathology

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