Clinical characteristics and antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 spike 1 protein using the VITROS Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody tests in COVID-19 patients in Japan

Nagura-Ikeda, Mayu; Imai, K.; Kubota, Katsumi; Noguchi, Sakiko; Kitagawa, Yutaro; Matsuoka, Makoto; Tabata, Sakiko; Miyoshi, Kazuyasu; Ito, Tsuyoshi; Tamura, Kouichi; Maeda, Takeshi

doi:10.1101/2020.08.02.20166256

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…To compare the timing of seroconversion for different antibody classes and verify the possible existence of cross-immunity between SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses, frequent and serial measurements of antibodies against specific antigens of SARS-CoV-2, especially in the early phase after symptom onset diagnosis of COVID-19, are necessary; however, most studies until date have measured the antibody responses only once a week or so. Although several studies have investigated the antibody response kinetics in Japanese patients with COVID-19, they measured the responses of only limited antibody types within a limited time frame, which is not sufficient to precisely compare the differences in the timings of the seroconversions for various antibody types [6] , [17] , [18] , [19] , [20] . In particular, few studies have investigated the time-course of the IgA and other antibody responses to RBD by serial measurements in the Japanese population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response kinetics of different classes of antibodies to SARS-CoV2 infection in the Japanese population: The IgA and IgG titers increased earlier than the IgM titers

Kurano

Morita

Nakano

et al. 2022

International Immunopharmacology

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To better understand the immune responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in individuals with COVID-19, it is important to investigate the kinetics of the antibody responses and their associations with the clinical course in different populations, since there seem to be considerable differences between Western and Asian populations in the clinical features and spread of COVID-19. In this study, we serially measured the serum titers of IgM, IgG and IgA antibodies generated against the nucleocapsid protein (NCP), S1 subunit of the spike protein (S1), and receptor-binding domain in the S1 subunit (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 in Japanese individuals with COVID-19. Among the IgM, IgG, and IgA antibodies, IgA antibodies against all of the aforementioned viral proteins were the first to appear after the infection, and IgG and/or IgA seroconversion often preceded IgM seroconversion. In regard to the timeline of the antibody responses to the different viral proteins (NCP, S1 and RBD), IgA against NCP appeared than IgA against S1 or RBD, while IgM and IgG against S1 appeared earlier than IgM/IgG against NCP or RBD. The IgG responses to all three viral proteins and responses of all three antibody classes to S1 and RBD were sustained for longer durations than the IgA/IgM responses to all three viral proteins and responses of all three antibody classes to NCP, respectively. The seroconversion of IgA against NCP occurred later and less frequently in patients with mild COVID-19. These results suggest possible differences in the antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 antigens between the Japanese and Western populations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response kinetics of different classes of antibodies to SARS-CoV2 infection in the Japanese population: The IgA and IgG titers increased earlier than the IgM titers

Kurano

Morita

Nakano

et al. 2022

International Immunopharmacology

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“…Ratios have been reported to be higher in those recovering from more-severe COVID-19. 13 We thus also sought to characterize the signal strength of positive samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in US Blood Donors

Vassallo

Bravo

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background To identify blood donors eligible to donate Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) Convalescent Plasma (CCP), a large blood center began testing for antibodies to SARS-CoV-2, the etiologic agent of COVID-19. We report the seroprevalence of total immunoglobulin directed against the S1 spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 in US blood donors. Methods Unique non-CCP donor sera from June 1-July 31, 2020 were tested with the Ortho VITROS Anti-SARS-CoV-2 total immunoglobulin assay (positive: signal-to-cutoff (S/C) =>1). Donor age, sex, race/ethnicity, ABO/RhD, education, and experience were compared to June and July 2019. Multivariate regressions were conducted to identify demographics associated with the presence of antibodies and with S/C values. Results Unique donors (n=252,882) showed an overall seroprevalence of 1.83% in June (1.37%) and July (2.26%), with the highest prevalence in northern New Jersey (7.3%). In a subset of donors with demographic information (n=189,565), higher odds of antibody reactivity were associated with non-Hispanic Native American/Alaskan (NH-NAA/A) and Black (NH-B), and Hispanic (H) race/ethnicity, age 18-64, middle school or lesser education, blood Group A, and never or non-recent donor status. In positive donors (n=2,831), antibody signal was associated with male sex, race/ethnicity (NH-NAA/A, NH-B and H) and geographic location. Conclusions Seroprevalence remains low in US blood donors but varies significantly by region. Temporal trends in reactivity may be used to gauge the effectiveness of public health measures. Before generalizing these data from healthy donors to the general population however, rates must be corrected for false positive test results among low prevalence test subjects and adjusted to match the wider demography.

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Prognostic value of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies: a systematic review

Mink,

Reimann,

Fraunberger

2024

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)

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Objectives Globally, over 772 million cases of COVID-19 have been reported. New variants of interest with corresponding spikes in case numbers continue to be identified. Vulnerable patients, including older adults or patients with severe comorbidities, continue to be at risk. A large body of evidence has been accumulated regarding anti-SARS-CoV-2-antibodies and COVID-19 but the usefulness of antibody measurements remains unclear. This systematic review aims to assess the prognostic value of anti-SARS-CoV-2-antibodies and their usefulness for guiding booster vaccinations. Methods Studies in English and published between January 2020 and October 2023 were included. Studies that relied on multiparameter-models or comprised fewer than 100 participants were excluded. PubMed and via the WHO COVID-19 research database, Embase and Medline databases were searched. Study selection and quality assessment was conducted independently by two researchers. Results After screening 1,160 studies, 33 studies comprising >30 million individuals were included. Anti-SARS-CoV-2-antibodies were strongly associated with reduced risk of SARS-CoV-2-infection and better outcomes, including mortality. Risk of infection and COVID-19 severity decreased with increasing antibody levels. Conclusions Anti-SARS-CoV-2-antibodies are useful for early identification of high-risk patients and timely adjustment of therapy. Protective thresholds may be applied to advise booster vaccinations but verification in separate cohorts is required.

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Clinical characteristics and antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 spike 1 protein using the VITROS Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody tests in COVID-19 patients in Japan

Cited by 3 publications

References 30 publications

Response kinetics of different classes of antibodies to SARS-CoV2 infection in the Japanese population: The IgA and IgG titers increased earlier than the IgM titers

Response kinetics of different classes of antibodies to SARS-CoV2 infection in the Japanese population: The IgA and IgG titers increased earlier than the IgM titers

Seroprevalence of Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in US Blood Donors

Prognostic value of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies: a systematic review

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