Clinical characteristics and outcomes of Chinese patients with KRAS‐mutant non‐small cell lung cancer after chemotherapy

Lai, Qinghua; Zhao, Hanxi; Li, Xin; Sun, Xuejun; Xing, Ligang

doi:10.1002/cac2.12227

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Mutations of the ras gene in human tumors often occur at codons 12, 13, 59, or 61, and different tumors have predominant differences in the activation of the three ras genes [ 38 , 39 ]. Lung cancer is mainly dominated by K-ras mutations, which enhance the self-amplification characteristics of NSCLC cancer cells through nuclear-transcribed gene activity and affect the clinical outcomes of patients [ 40 , 41 ]. The Ras protein expressed by the activated Ras gene affects the controlled regulation of GTP and GDP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioinformatics Analysis for Identifying Differentially Expressed MicroRNAs Derived from Plasma Exosomes Associated with Radiotherapy Resistance in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Zeng¹,

Zeng

Ye³

2022

Applied Bionics and Biomechanics

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Objective. To explore the differentially expressed microRNAs (DEmiRs) derived from plasma exosomes related to radiotherapy resistance and their corresponding pathways in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods. Plasma samples from NSCLC patients were retrieved and analyzed. The patients were divided into 3 groups based on the tumor regression grade criteria, assessed by radiological imaging after radiotherapy. TRG1 referred to tumor shrinkage of ≤30% after radiotherapy, TRG2 as 30 % < TRG < 50 % , and TRG3 as TRG ≥ 50 %. High-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were used to compare the DEmiRs between the three groups. The miRanda, PITA, and RNAhybrid software were used to identify potential target genes of the DEmiRs. GO function enrichment and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses were performed on the target gene set. Results. There were 24 DEmiRs (12 were upregulated and 12 downregulated) between the TRG1 and TRG2 groups, 11 between the TRG1 and TRG3 groups (6 upregulated and 5 downregulated), and 35 between the TRG2 and TRG3 groups. The common DEmiRs between the three groups were miR-92a-3p. GO analysis showed that the target genes of the DEmiRs were mainly enriched in unicellular organism processes, cell transformation, cell localization, and their establishment. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that target genes were significantly enriched in the Ras signaling pathway and associated with endocytosis. Among the 135 identified target genes of miR-92a-3p, 4 were involved in the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway (the downstream pathway of the Ras gene) and 3 in the cAMP signaling pathway (the upstream pathway of the Ras gene). Further, 2 other target genes were involved in the Rap1 signaling pathway (the upstream pathway of PI3K-Akt). Conclusion. By assessing the expression and functional profile of DEmiRs in the plasma exosomes of NSCLC patients after radiotherapy, miR-92a-3p was identified as a promising target affecting radiotherapy outcomes through the Ras signaling pathway.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioinformatics Analysis for Identifying Differentially Expressed MicroRNAs Derived from Plasma Exosomes Associated with Radiotherapy Resistance in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Zeng¹,

Zeng

Ye³

2022

Applied Bionics and Biomechanics

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“…Zheng et al. showed that PG2 has a protective effect on the bone marrow, which can reduce the myelotoxicity of platinum-containing drugs combined with other drugs in patients with NSCLC and improve patient tolerance to chemotherapy ( 173 ).…”

Section: Anti-tumor Mechanism Of Apsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in research on the anti-tumor mechanism of Astragalus polysaccharides

Yang,

Meng,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Front. Oncol.

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The dry root of the soybean plant Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch) Bge. var. mongholicus (Bge) Hsiao or A. membranaceus (Fisch) Bge, Astragali Radix (AR) has a long medicinal history. Astragalus polysaccharide (APS), the natural macromolecule that exhibits immune regulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and other pharmacological activities, is an important active ingredient extracted from AR. Recently, APS has been increasingly used in cancer therapy owing to its anti-tumor ability as it prevents the progression of prostate, liver, cervical, ovarian, and non-small-cell lung cancer by suppressing tumor cell growth and invasion and enhancing apoptosis. In addition, APS enhances the sensitivity of tumors to antineoplastic agents and improves the body’s immunity. This macromolecule has prospects for broad application in tumor therapy through various pathways. In this article, we present the latest progress in the research on the anti-tumor effects of APS and its underlying mechanisms, aiming to provide novel theoretical support and reference for its use in cancer therapy.

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“…In a Chinese cohort, the median PFS and median OS of KRAS‐mutated NSCLC patients who received first‐line pemetrexed‐based chemotherapy were 6.4 months and 25.4 months, respectively [ 247 ]. Emerging KRAS G12C inhibitors made a breakthrough in targeted therapy, thus bringing survival benefits for NSCLC with KRAS mutations.…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non‐small cell lung cancer in China

Chen

Liu

Wen

et al. 2022

Cancer Communications

279

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In China, lung cancer is a primary cancer type with high incidence and mortality. Risk factors for lung cancer include tobacco use, family history, radiation exposure, and the presence of chronic lung diseases. Most early‐stage non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients miss the optimal timing for treatment due to the lack of clinical presentations. Population‐based nationwide screening programs are of significant help in increasing the early detection and survival rates of NSCLC in China. The understanding of molecular carcinogenesis and the identification of oncogenic drivers dramatically facilitate the development of targeted therapy for NSCLC, thus prolonging survival in patients with positive drivers. In the exploration of immune escape mechanisms, programmed cell death protein 1 (PD‐1)/programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) inhibitor monotherapy and PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitor plus chemotherapy have become a standard of care for advanced NSCLC in China. In the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology's guidelines for NSCLC, maintenance immunotherapy is recommended for locally advanced NSCLC after chemoradiotherapy. Adjuvant immunotherapy and neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy will be approved for resectable NSCLC. In this review, we summarized recent advances in NSCLC in China in terms of epidemiology, biology, molecular pathology, pathogenesis, screening, diagnosis, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy.

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Clinical characteristics and outcomes of Chinese patients with KRAS‐mutant non‐small cell lung cancer after chemotherapy

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

Bioinformatics Analysis for Identifying Differentially Expressed MicroRNAs Derived from Plasma Exosomes Associated with Radiotherapy Resistance in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Bioinformatics Analysis for Identifying Differentially Expressed MicroRNAs Derived from Plasma Exosomes Associated with Radiotherapy Resistance in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Advances in research on the anti-tumor mechanism of Astragalus polysaccharides

Non‐small cell lung cancer in China

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