Clinical characteristics and respiratory care in hospitalized vaccinated SARS-CoV-2 patients

Teran-Tinedo, Jose Rafael; González-Rubio, Jesús; Nájera, Alberto; Castany-Faro, Andrea; Contreras, Maria de las Nieves; Garcia, Isabel Maria; Lopez-Mellado, Lourdes; Lorente-González, Miguel; Perez-Garvin, Patricia; Sacristan-Crespo, Galaxia; Suarez-Ortiz, Miguel; Navarro‐López, Juan D.; Jiménez‐Díaz, Lydia; Landete, Pedro

doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101453

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The ratio of hospitalizations between the vaccinated and the non-vaccinated was 17%, which is lower than the current scientific literature, which estimates the rate of hospitalisations among those vaccinated with Ad26.COV2-S at between 25% and 40% [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]. This discrepant figure could be due to the strict restrictions that have been applied in Italy aimed at containing the spread of the pandemic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…Another possible explanation of our findings is that, in December 2021, the B.1.1.529 variant (Omicron) was reported in multiple countries [ 19 ], displaying a much higher vaccine breakthrough rate (88%) compared to other variants of concern (VOCs) and the original Wuhan strain and with a tendency to cause upper rather than lower tract infections—in this regard, studies on Ad26.COV2-S vaccine protection form Omicron are currently scarce [ 19 ]. Even though the poor SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance system implemented by the Italian Government failed to provide a precise picture of the Omicron prevalence in Italy for that period, the fact that the Omicron was first reported in South Africa on 23 November 2021 [ 16 , 17 ], and that our study was carried out between the 1st and the 23rd of December 2021, should rule out this confounder bias. Importantly, we observed a combined Subintensive Care/Intensive Care hospitalization rate of 10% for group 1 vs. 19.7% for group 2.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The protection against the development of more severe forms of COVID-19 could be explained by the immune re-response acquired by Ad26.COV2-S vaccination. In unvaccinated subjects, a response develops based on T lymphocytes, macrophages and IFNs attacking infected alveolar cells, with high production of IL-6 and pro-inflammatory cytokines [ 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preliminary Analysis of the Effects of Ad26.COV2.S Vaccination on CT Findings and High Intensive Care Admission Rates of COVID-19 Patients

Negroni

Carriero

Passarella³

et al. 2022

Tomography

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On 27 February 2021, the Food and Drug Administration(FDA) authorized the administration of the adenovirus-based Ad26.COV2-S vaccine (J&J-Janssen) for the prevention of COVID-19, a viral pandemic that, to date, has killed more than 5.5 million people. Performed during the early phase of the COVID-19 4th wave, this retrospective observational study aims to report the computerized tomography (CT) findings and intensive care unit admission rates of Ad26.COV2-S-vaccinated vs. unvaccinated COVID-19 patients. From the 1st to the 23rd of December 2021, all confirmed COVID-19 patients that had been subjected to chest non-contrast CT scan analysis were enrolled in the study. These were divided into Ad26.COV2.S-vaccinated (group 1) and unvaccinated patients (group 2). The RSNA severity score was calculated for each patient and correlated to CT findings and type of admission to a healthcare setting after CT—i.e., home care, ordinary hospitalization, sub-intensive care, and intensive care. Descriptive and inference statistical analyses were performed by comparing the data from the two groups. Data from a total of 71 patients were collected: 10 patients in group 1 (4M, 6F, mean age 63.5 years, SD ± 4.2) and 61 patients in group 2 (32M, 29F, mean age 64.7 years, SD ± 3.7). Statistical analysis showed lower values of RSNA severity in group 1 compared to group 2 (mean value 14.1 vs. 15.7, p = 0.009, respectively). Furthermore, vaccinated patients were less frequently admitted to both sub-intensive and high-intensive care units than group 2, with an odds ratio of 0.45 [95%CI (0.01; 3.92)]. Ad26.COV2.S vaccination protects from severe COVID-19 based on CT severity scores. As a result, Ad26.COV2.S-vaccinated COVID-19 patients are more frequently admitted to home in comparison with unvaccinated patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preliminary Analysis of the Effects of Ad26.COV2.S Vaccination on CT Findings and High Intensive Care Admission Rates of COVID-19 Patients

Negroni

Carriero

Passarella³

et al. 2022

Tomography

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“…This study was a nationwide, prospective observational study of all ICU patients with COVID‐19 in Denmark from March 10, 2020 to March 31, 2022. The data from patients during the first wave (March 10–May 19, 2020) and the second wave (May 20, 2020–June 30, 2021) were previously reported 1 . In the present report, we add patients from July 1, 2021 to March 31, 2022.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The first two lockdowns were eased after a drop in disease burden, while the third lockdown was eased after the introduction of booster vaccines and the change from Delta to Omicron variants (Figure 1). Reports on COVID‐19 critical illness epidemiology exist but are mostly limited to single centers or regions 1–3 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐term outcomes in COVID‐19 patients admitted to intensive care in Denmark: A nationwide observational study

Perner

Plovsing

Christensen

et al. 2023

Acta Anaesthesiol Scand

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BackgroundAmong ICU patients with COVID‐19, it is largely unknown how the overall outcome and resource use have changed with time, different genetic variants, and vaccination status.MethodsFor all Danish ICU patients with COVID‐19 from March 10, 2020 to March 31, 2022, we manually retrieved data on demographics, comorbidities, vaccination status, use of life support, length of stay, and vital status from medical records. We compared patients based on the period of admittance and vaccination status and described changes in epidemiology related to the Omicron variant.ResultsAmong all 2167 ICU patients with COVID‐19, 327 were admitted during the first (March 10–19, 2020), 1053 during the second (May 20, 2020 to June 30, 2021) and 787 during the third wave (July 1, 2021 to March 31, 2022). We observed changes over the three waves in age (median 72 vs. 68 vs. 65 years), use of invasive mechanical ventilation (81% vs. 58% vs. 51%), renal replacement therapy (26% vs. 13% vs. 12%), extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (7% vs. 3% vs. 2%), duration of invasive mechanical ventilation (median 13 vs. 13 vs. 9 days) and ICU length of stay (median 13 vs. 10 vs. 7 days). Despite these changes, 90‐day mortality remained constant (36% vs. 35% vs. 33%). Vaccination rates among ICU patients were 42% as compared to 80% in society. Unvaccinated versus vaccinated patients were younger (median 57 vs. 73 years), had less comorbidity (50% vs. 78%), and had lower 90‐day mortality (29% vs. 51%). Patient characteristics changed significantly after the Omicron variant became dominant including a decrease in the use of COVID‐specific pharmacological agents from 95% to 69%.ConclusionsIn Danish ICUs, the use of life support declined, while mortality seemed unchanged throughout the three waves of COVID‐19. Vaccination rates were lower among ICU patients than in society, but the selected group of vaccinated patients admitted to the ICU still had very severe disease courses. When the Omicron variant became dominant a lower fraction of SARS‐CoV‐2 positive patients received COVID treatment indicating other causes for ICU admission.

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Models of Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation in Pandemic Conditions

Lorente-González,

Suárez-Ortiz,

Terán-Tinedo

et al. 2023

Noninvasive Ventilation. The Essentials

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Clinical characteristics and respiratory care in hospitalized vaccinated SARS-CoV-2 patients

Cited by 9 publications

References 24 publications

Preliminary Analysis of the Effects of Ad26.COV2.S Vaccination on CT Findings and High Intensive Care Admission Rates of COVID-19 Patients

Preliminary Analysis of the Effects of Ad26.COV2.S Vaccination on CT Findings and High Intensive Care Admission Rates of COVID-19 Patients

Long‐term outcomes in COVID‐19 patients admitted to intensive care in Denmark: A nationwide observational study

Models of Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation in Pandemic Conditions

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