Clinical characteristics associated with COVID-19 severity in California

Rubin, Samuel J.; Falkson, Samuel R.; Degner, Nicholas; Blish, Catherine A.

doi:10.1101/2020.03.27.20043661

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Smoking [ 33 ], a higher body mass index (obesity) [ 40 ] and a longer waiting time to hospital admission [ 19 , 20 ] are lifestyle factors related to a higher risk for disease severity. The most frequently mentioned demographic factor increasing the risk for a severe course of disease is higher age [ 16 , 17 , 19 , 21 , 27 , 30 , 31 , 33 , 35 , 41 , 42 ], followed by male gender [ 19 , 21 , 25 ], post menopausality [ 25 ] and higher age in females [ 25 ]. Some publications specify the age for increased risk as > 64 [ 31 ] or > 65 [ 33 ] years.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some publications specify the age for increased risk as > 64 [ 31 ] or > 65 [ 33 ] years. The most common pre-existing comorbidities are hypertension [ 16 , 19 , 27 , 35 , 40 , 42 ] and diabetes [ 16 , 28 , 33 , 35 , 40 , 42 ] with six records each, followed by cardiovascular disease with three records [ 16 , 19 , 35 ]. Occasionally, correlations of the severity and cerebrovascular disease [ 16 ], chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [ 35 ], chronic renal disease [ 35 ] or tuberculosis [ 36 ] were found.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk factors for Covid-19 severity and fatality: a structured literature review

et al. 2020

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Purpose Covid-19 is a global threat that pushes health care to its limits. Since there is neither a vaccine nor a drug for Covid-19, people with an increased risk for severe and fatal courses of disease particularly need protection. Furthermore, factors increasing these risks are of interest in the search of potential treatments. A systematic literature review on the risk factors of severe and fatal Covid-19 courses is presented. Methods The review is carried out on PubMed and a publicly available preprint dataset. For analysis, risk factors are categorized and information regarding the study such as study size and location are extracted. The results are compared to risk factors listed by four public authorities from different countries. Results The 28 records included, eleven of which are preprints, indicate that conditions and comorbidities connected to a poor state of health such as high age, obesity, diabetes and hypertension are risk factors for severe and fatal disease courses. Furthermore, severe and fatal courses are associated with organ damages mainly affecting the heart, liver and kidneys. Coagulation dysfunctions could play a critical role in the organ damaging. Time to hospital admission, tuberculosis, inflammation disorders and coagulation dysfunctions are identified as risk factors found in the review but not mentioned by the public authorities. Conclusion Factors associated with increased risk of severe or fatal disease courses were identified, which include conditions connected with a poor state of health as well as organ damages and coagulation dysfunctions. The results may facilitate upcoming Covid-19 research.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for Covid-19 severity and fatality: a structured literature review

et al. 2020

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“…None of the BioRxiv posts were relevant to our topic. Of the 137 pre‐prints in MedRxiv, 23 nonduplicate studies included information on asthma, 29‐51 but none of them included specific information in children.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asthma and COVID‐19 in children: A systematic review and call for data

Castro-Rodriguez

Forno

2020

Pediatric Pulmonology

108

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Rationale Whether asthma constitutes a risk factor for coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19) is unclear. Here, we aimed to assess whether asthma, the most common chronic disease in children, is associated with higher COVID‐19 risk or severity in pediatric populations. Methods We performed a systematic literature search in three stages: first, we reviewed PubMed, EMBASE, and CINAHL for systematic reviews of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) and COVID‐19 in pediatric populations, and reviewed their primary articles; second, we searched PubMed for studies on COVID‐19 or SARS‐CoV‐2 and asthma/wheeze, and evaluated whether the resulting studies included pediatric populations; third, we repeated the second search in http://BioRxiv.org and http://MedRxiv.org to find pre‐prints that may have information on pediatric asthma. Results In the first search, eight systematic reviews were found, of which five were done in pediatric populations; none of the 67 primary studies included data on pediatric asthma as a comorbidity for COVID‐19. In the second search, we found 34 results in PubMed, of which five reported asthma in adults, but none included data on children. In the third search, 25 pre‐prints in MedRxiv included data on asthma, but none on children. We found one report by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention stating that 40/345 (~11.5%) children with data on chronic conditions had “chronic lung diseases including asthma,” and one from a tertiary hospital in New York that reported asthma in 11/46 (~23.9%) children hospitalized for COVID‐19. Conclusion There is scarcely any data on whether childhood asthma (or other pediatric respiratory diseases) constitute risk factors for SARS‐CoV‐2 infection or COVID‐19 severity. Studies are needed that go beyond counting the number of cases in the pediatric age range.

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“…Preliminary data also suggest a higher rate of infections in low-income households (6) and greater severity and rates of complications and death in older people, men, and people with specific comorbidities, such as hypertension. (7)(8)(9) Understanding the association between socioeconomic deprivation and the risk of COVID-19 infection is key to devising targeted, efficient interventions to limit its transmission in the community.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnicity, comorbidity, socioeconomic status, and their associations with COVID-19 infection in England: a cohort analysis of UK Biobank data

Prats‐Uribe

Paredes²,

Prieto-Alhambra

2020

Preprint

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Background: Recent data suggest higher COVID-19 rates and severity in Black, Asian, and minority ethnic (BAME) communities. We aimed to study the association between ethnicity and risk of COVID-19 and adjust it by deprivation and previous comorbidity. Methods: Prospective cohort. UK Biobank participants from England linked to Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) and COVID-19 tests until 14 April 2020. COVID-19 infection was based on a positive PCR test. Ethnicity was self-reported and classified using Office of National Statistics groups. Socioeconomic status was based on index of multiple deprivation quintiles. Comorbidities were extracted from HES. We used Poisson regression to estimate rate ratios of infection according to ethnicity, adjusted for socioeconomic status, alcohol drinking, smoking, BMI, age, sex, and comorbidity. Results: 415,582 participants were included, with 2,886 tested and 1,039 positive for COVID-19. The incidence of COVID-19 was 0.85% (0.67% -1.09%) in Black/Black British participants, 0.47% (0.30%-0.74%) in 'other' ethnicities, 0.58% (0.44%-0.76%) in Asian/Asian British, 0.30% (0.11%-0.80%) in Chinese, 0.23% (0.11%-0.52%) in mixed, and 0.23% (0.21%-0.34%) in White. Compared with White participants, Black/Black British participants had an adjusted relative risk (RR) of 2.66 (2.03-3.88), Asian/Asian British participants 2.09 (1.53-2.84), Chinese participants 1.72 (0.64-4.61), 'other' ethnicities 1.67 (1.04-2.68), and mixed ethnicities 0.93 (0.41-2.07).Socioeconomic status (adjusted RR 1.73 (1.43-2.1) for the most deprived), was also associated with increased risk of COVID-19.

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Clinical characteristics associated with COVID-19 severity in California

Cited by 10 publications

References 5 publications

Risk factors for Covid-19 severity and fatality: a structured literature review

Risk factors for Covid-19 severity and fatality: a structured literature review

Asthma and COVID‐19 in children: A systematic review and call for data

Ethnicity, comorbidity, socioeconomic status, and their associations with COVID-19 infection in England: a cohort analysis of UK Biobank data

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