Clinical Characteristics, Laboratory Profile and Outcome of Children with Vibrio Cholerae Gastroenteritis (Both O1 and Non-O1/Non-O139) and Vibrio Cholerae (Non-O1/Non-O139) Bacteraemia- A Retrospective Single Centre Study

Thomas, Leah; Anandan, Shalini; Verghese, Valsan Philip; Balaji, V.; Gowri, S Mahasampath; Chacko, Anila; Punnen, Anu

doi:10.7860/jcdr/2020/43621.13647

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“…1 Over the years, the causal pathogen (Vibrio cholerae) continues to emerge and re-emerge in pathogenic potential causing acute watery to bloody diarrhea amongst infected humans and animals. 2,3 Since their early detection in 1817 till date, the pathogens were the object of several waves of occurrence, including sixth members (which are biotyped as Classical), to the ongoing Seventh Pandemic El Tor O139 V. cholerae. It has spread resulting death of humans, especially in most Southern/Eastern African countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic characterization of non-O1/non-O139 <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> mobilome: a strategy for understanding and discriminating emerging environmental bacterial strains

Igere,

Nwodo

2023

J Biol Res

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Acute diarrhea and cholera (AWD/C) result in more than 21000 to 143000 global mortality annually and are associated with Vibrio cholerae. The pathogen has shown increasing evolutionary/emerging dynamics linked with mobilome or ubiquitous nature of mobile integrative genetic and conjugative elements (MIGCE), however, such dynamics are rarely reported amongst somatic-antigen non-agglutinating Type-1/-139 V. cholerae (SA-NAG-T-1/139Vc). The study reports the genetic detection of mobilome-associated indices in SA-NAG-T-1/139Vc as a potential strategy for differentiating/discriminating emerging environmental bacteria. Presumptive V. cholerae isolates were retrieved from five water sources, while strains were characterized/serogrouped and confirmed using simplex and comparative-genomic-multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Genomic island (GI-12det, GI-14det, GI-15det); Phages (TLC-phagedet, Kappa-phagedet) and ICEs of the SXT/R391 family genes (SXT/R391-ICEs integrase, SXT-Hotspot-IV, ICEVchInd5Hotspot-IV, ICEVchMoz10Hotspot-IV) were detected. Other rare ICE members such as the ICEVcBan8att gene and Vibrio Seventh Pandemic island detection (VSP-II Integrase, Prototypical VSP-II) were also detected. Results revealed that the 8.22% (61/742) SA-NAG-T-1/139Vc serogroup observed harbors the Vibrio Seventh Pandemic island integrase (34/61; 55.7%) and other rare genetic traits including; attB/attP (29/61; 47.5%, 14/61; 23%), integrative genetic elements (4/61; 6.56%), phage types (TLC-phagedet: 2/61; 3.28% and Kappa-phagedet: 7/61; 11.48%) as well as the integrase genes (INT1, Sul1, Sul2) (29/61: 47.5%; 21/61: 34.4%; 25/61: 41%). Such genetic detection of mobilome determinants/MIGCE suggests potential discriminatory tendencies amongst SA-NAG-T-1/139Vcwhich may be applied in mobilome typing of evolving/emerging environmental bacteria. The need to encourage the application of such mobilome typing indices and continuous study of these strains is suggestive of interest in controlling future potential emerging environmental strains.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%