Clinical Characteristics of Actinic Keratosis Associated with the Risk of Progression to Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review

Balcere, Alise; Konrāde-Jilmaza, Laura; Pauliņa, Laura Agnese; Čēma, Ingrīda; Krūmiņa, Angelika

doi:10.3390/jcm11195899

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The reduction of the incidence rate may also be influenced by other factors. Actinic keratosis (AK) is considered a precancerous lesion caused by prolonged exposure of the skin to UVR and is one of the most common causes of dermatologic treatment, which can progress to invasive cSCC ( 30 , 31 ). Advanced age, fair skin, and prolonged sun exposure are major risk factors for AK ( 32 , 33 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma on the lip incidence and mortality in the United States, 2000–2019

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2023

Front. Oncol.

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ObjectiveThis study provided a systematic analysis of the trend in incidence and incidence-based mortality for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) on the lips in the USA using demographic characteristics from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.MethodsPatients diagnosed with cSCC on the lips between 2000 and 2019 from the 17 registries of the USA were identified. Incidence and incidence-based mortality rates were analyzed using SEER*Stat 8.4.0.1 software. This paper calculated incidence rates and incidence-based mortality rates by 100,000 person-years for sex, age, race, SEER registries, median household income ($/year), rural-urban distribution, and primary site. The annual percent changes (APC) in incidence and incidence-based mortality rates were then calculated using joinpoint regression software.ResultsAmong 8,625 patients diagnosed with cSCC on the lips from 2000 to 2019, men (74.67%), white (95.21%), and 60–79 years old were the most common population, and 3,869 deaths from cSCC on the lips occurred. The overall incidence of cSCC on the lips was 0.516 per 100,000 person-years. cSCC on the lip incidence rates were highest among men, white, and patients aged 60–79 years old. cSCC on the lip incidence rates decreased by 3.210%/year over the study period. The incidence of cSCC on the lips has been decreasing in all sexes, ages, high- or low-income households, and urban or rural patients. The overall incidence-based mortality rate of cSCC on the lips during 2000–2019 was 0.235 per 100,000 person-years. cSCC on the lip incidence-based mortality rates were highest among men, whites, and people older than 80 years old. cSCC on the lip incidence-based mortality increased by 4.975%/year over the study period. cSCC on the lip incidence-based mortality rates increased for all sexes, races, ages, primary sites, high- or low-income households, and urban or rural patients during the study period.ConclusionAmong patients in the USA diagnosed with cSCC on the lips from 2000 to 2019, the overall incidence decreased by 3.210% annually, and incidence-based mortality increased by 4.975%/year. These findings update and supplement the epidemiological information of cSCC on the lips in the USA.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma on the lip incidence and mortality in the United States, 2000–2019

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2023

Front. Oncol.

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“…(2022) в своем исследовании доказали высокий риск злокачественной трансформации очагов актинического кератоза независимо от их толщины [20]. По данным других авторов, типичный и кератотический актинический кератоз служат предикторами ПКР [21]. Следует отметить, что у трети пациентов с актиническим кератозом в сочетании с актиническим хейлитом наблюдается высокий риск малигнизации существующих патологических очагов [9-13, 16, 19], что коррелирует с полученными патоморфологическими данными нашей больной.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Actinic keratosis as a predictor of primary multiple synchronous squamous cell skin cancer: a clinical case

Седова

2023

Almanac of Clinical Medicine

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We present a clinical case of a primary multiple synchronous highly differentiated keratinizing squamous cell skin cancer in an 84-year old patient with multiple actinic keratosis and actinic cheilitis. The clinical case is unique for the simultaneous development of primary multiple squamous cell carcinoma of the tip of the nose and the vermilion zone of the lower lip in a patient with a past occupational and solar burden, a light phenotype, and signs of chronic photo injury the skin. Clinical, dermatoscopic and sonographic signs of keratotic actinic keratosis were identified in the patient and confirmed by pathomorphological examination. The risk factors for malignant transformation of actinic keratosis were found, such as multiple efflorescences and a long disease history. The malignant transformation of the actinic areas manifested as rapidly progressive ulceration zones more than 1 cm in diameter, pronounced hyperkeratosis, inflammation and infiltration of the underlying tissues, increased bleeding and pain. It is to be underlined that definitive and differential diagnosis requires pathomorphological assessment of the skin biopsy sample. This clinical case indicates that patients with multiple foci of actinic keratosis should be under a lifelong follow-up by dermatovenereologists, with mandatory treatment and prevention measure.

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“…TSPyV is one of the etiological factors of a rare skin disorder observed in immunosuppressed patients (trichodysplasia spinulosa, TS). Previous studies failed to detect TSPyV-DNA in skin samples from healthy subjects [ 3 , 27 ]. TSPyV does not seem to be associated with skin conditions other than TS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, an association between beta-human papillomaviruses (HPVs) and cSCC has been found [ 2 ]. This neoplasia may be preceded by a precursor lesion, namely actinic keratosis (AK), which shows up to a 20% risk of progression to invasive cSCC [ 3 ]. The role of human polyomaviruses (HPyV) in skin carcinogenesis has been also examined, but with controversial results [ 4 – 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of 13 polyomaviruses in actinic keratosis and matched healthy skin samples of immunocompetent individuals

Donà

Gheit

Chiantore

et al. 2022

Infect Agents Cancer

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Background Actinic keratosis (AK) is a precursor of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). UV radiation is the major risk factor for AK, but certain human papillomaviruses (HPVs) of the beta genus are also involved in its development. Differently, the role of polyomaviruses (PyVs) in skin carcinogenesis is still debated. Fiftheen PyVs have been isolated from human tissues so far, including Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV), the aetiological agent of Merkel cell carcinoma. Methods The presence of 13 PyVs was assessed in skin samples from AK patients (n = 342). Matched fresh-frozen scrapings from healthy skin (HS) and AK lesions from 242 patients, and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded AK biopsies from a different cohort of 100 patients were analyzed by multiplex PyVs genotyping assay. Results The most frequent lesion site was the scalp in men (27.3%), and the cheek area in women (29.0%). Differences between men and women were significant for the scalp, the cheek area and the lips. Almost all the scrapings were PyV-positive (HS: 89.7%, AK: 94.6%; p = 0.04). The three most frequent PyVs were MCPyV, HPyV6 and JCPyV (HS: 87.2%, 58.7%, 6.6%, respectively; AK: 88.8%, 51.2%, 9.9%, respectively). HPyV9, TSPyV, BKPyV, HPyV7, LIPyV and SV40 were detected in < 2% of the scrapings. In most cases, matched HS and AK scrapings were both positive (MCPyV: 78.1%, HPyV6: 41.7%), or both negative for the individual genotypes (for the remaining PyVs). PyV prevalence in AK biopsies was 22.0%. Only MCPyV (21.0%) and HPyV6 (3.0%) were detected in these samples. Conclusions PyV prevalence in HS and AK scrapings was high, but detection of PyVs exclusively in AK scrapings was rare. PyV positivity rate in AK biopsies was modest. Further research is need to reach firm conclusions regarding the role of these viruses in AK development.

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Clinical Characteristics of Actinic Keratosis Associated with the Risk of Progression to Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review

Cited by 11 publications

References 26 publications

Trends in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma on the lip incidence and mortality in the United States, 2000–2019

Trends in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma on the lip incidence and mortality in the United States, 2000–2019

Actinic keratosis as a predictor of primary multiple synchronous squamous cell skin cancer: a clinical case

Prevalence of 13 polyomaviruses in actinic keratosis and matched healthy skin samples of immunocompetent individuals

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