Clinical characteristics of Campylobacter bacteremia: a multicenter retrospective study

Abstract

Campylobacter species are the pathogens of the intestinal tract, which infrequently cause bacteremia. To reveal the clinical characteristics of Campylobacter bacteremia, we performed a retrospective, multicenter study. Patients diagnosed with Campylobacter bacteremia in three general hospitals in western Japan between 2011 and 2021 were included in the study. Clinical, microbiological, and prognostic data of the patients were obtained from medical records. We stratified the cases into the gastroenteritis (GE) and fever predominant (FP) types by focusing on the presence of gastrointestinal symptoms. Thirty-nine patients (24 men and 15 women) were included, with a median age of 57 years and bimodal distribution between those in their 20 s and the elderly. The proportion of GE and FP types were 21 (53.8%) and 18 (46.2%), respectively. Comparing these two groups, there was no significant difference in patient backgrounds in terms of sex, age, and underlying diseases. Campylobacter jejuni was exclusively identified in the GE type (19 cases, 90.5%), although other species such as Campylobacter fetus and Campylobacter coli were isolated in the FP type as well. Patients with the FP type underwent intravenous antibiotic therapy more frequently (47.6% vs. 88.9%), and their treatment (median: 5 days vs. 13 days) and hospitalization (median: 7 days vs. 21 days) periods were significantly longer. None of the patients died during the hospitalization. In summary, we found that nearly half of the patients with Campylobacter bacteremia presented with fever as a predominant manifestation without gastroenteritis symptoms.

Microbial Investigation of Animal Product Hygiene in Bali and Nusa Tenggara of Indonesia

“…This bacteria did not cause disease in chicken but in humans it causes campylobacteriosis (Ansarifar et al 2023). The clinical manifestation of the infection are characterized by severe diarrhea accompanied by fever, lack of appetite, vomiting and leukocytosis mainly in immunocompromise in young children and elderly persons (Mehdi et al 2018;Budiailmiawan et al 2022;Otsuka et al 2023).…”

Campylobacter jejuni Infections: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Clinical Manifestations and Management

“…This infection is usually self-limited with no signs or symptoms but it can also present with severe symptoms, including diarrhea that can last for more than one week and can ultimately lead to dehydration, fever, and abdominal pain. Campylobacteriosis is usually resolved without dissemination to other parts of the body [42]. However, in individuals with immunodefi ciency disorders, it sometimes extends to extra-intestinal sites causing a wide spectrum of conditions including hepatitis, bacteremia, and other focal infections.…”

Campylobacter jejuni virulence factors: update on emerging issues and trends

“…C. jejuni infection typically causes self-limiting mild to severe diarrheal symptoms, accompanied by fever, nausea and abdominal cramping, which usually last about a week [ 1 ]. However, cases of invasive disease such as bacteraemia [ 2 ] have also been attributed to C. jejuni infection. In addition, C. jejuni gastroenteritis (campylobacteriosis) has been associated with myocarditis [ 3 ], as well as with many long-term sequalae, including dysbiosis, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS).…”