Clinical Characteristics of Children With COVID-19: A Meta-Analysis

Ding, Yudan; Yan, Haohao; Guo, Wenbin

doi:10.3389/fped.2020.00431

Cited by 123 publications

(185 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…presymptomatic (6)(7)(8)(9). Prearrival testing with timely results, strict quarantining, and NPI use during transit were important, as was conscientious NPI use in the first 2 weeks after arrival.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventing and Mitigating SARS-CoV-2 Transmission — Four Overnight Camps, Maine, June–August 2020

Blaisdell¹,

Cohn²,

Pavell³

et al. 2020

MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep.

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On August 26, 2020, this report was posted as an MMWR Early Release on the MMWR website (https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr). The World Health Organization declared coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) a pandemic on March 11, 2020.* Shortly thereafter, closures of 124,000 U.S. public and private schools affected at least 55.1 million students through the end of the 2019-20 school year. † During the summer of 2020, approximately 82% of 8,947 U.S. overnight camps did not operate. § In Maine, only approximately 20% of 100 overnight camps opened. ¶ An overnight camp in Georgia recently reported SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, transmission among campers and staff members when nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) were not strictly followed (1); however, NPIs have been successfully used to mitigate SARS-CoV-2 transmission among military basic trainees (2). During June-August 2020, four overnight camps in Maine implemented several NPIs to prevent and mitigate the transmission of SARS-CoV-2, including prearrival quarantine, pre-and postarrival testing and symptom screening, cohorting, use of face coverings, physical distancing, enhanced hygiene measures, cleaning and disinfecting, and maximal outdoor programming. During the camp sessions, testing and symptom screening enabled early and rapid identification and isolation of attendees with COVID-19. Among the 1,022 attendees (staff members and campers) from 41 states, one territory, and six international locations, 1,010 were tested before arrival; 12 attendees who had completed a period of isolation after receiving a diagnosis of COVID-19 2 months before arrival were not tested. Four (0.4%) asymptomatic attendees received positive SARS-CoV-2 test results before arrival; these persons delayed their arrival, completed 10 days of isolation at home, remained asymptomatic, and did not receive any further testing before arrival or for the duration of camp attendance. Approximately 1 week after camp arrival, all 1,006 attendees without a previous diagnosis of COVID-19 were tested, and three asymptomatic cases were identified. Following isolation of these persons and quarantine of their contacts, no secondary transmission of SARS-CoV-2 occurred. These findings can inform similar multilayered public health strategies to prevent and mitigate the introduction and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 among children, * https://www.who.int/dg/speeches/detail/who-director-generals -openingremarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19-11-march-2020.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventing and Mitigating SARS-CoV-2 Transmission — Four Overnight Camps, Maine, June–August 2020

Blaisdell¹,

Cohn²,

Pavell³

et al. 2020

MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In addition, various studies have reported that children are likely to have a higher proportion of asymptomatic infection than adults. However, the largest meta-analysis and systematic review studies to date report that only approximately 17%-27.7% of confirmed pediatric cases are asymptomatic (37,38). As with the adult population, the accuracy of this reported data remains unclear, as there are significant concerns regarding potential selection bias and testing error.…”

Section: Clinical Featuresmentioning

confidence: 96%

Multisystem Imaging Manifestations of COVID-19, Part 1: Viral Pathogenesis and Pulmonary and Vascular System Complications

Revzin¹,

Raza²,

Warshawsky³

et al. 2020

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Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) results in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which was declared an official pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020. The infection has been reported in most countries around the world. As of August 2020, there have been over 21 million cases of COVID-19 reported worldwide, with over 800 000 COVID-19-associated deaths. It has become apparent that although COVID-19 predominantly affects the respiratory system, many other organ systems can also be involved. Imaging plays an essential role in the diagnosis of all manifestations of the disease, as well as its related complications, and proper utilization and interpretation of imaging examinations is crucial. With the growing global COVID-19 outbreak, a comprehensive understanding of the diagnostic imaging hallmarks, imaging features, multisystemic involvement, and evolution of imaging findings is essential for effective patient management and treatment. To date, only a few articles have been published that comprehensively describe the multisystemic imaging manifestations of COVID-19. The authors provide an inclusive system-by-system image-based review of this life-threatening and rapidly spreading infection. In part 1 of this article, the authors discuss general aspects of the disease, with an emphasis on virology, the pathophysiology of the virus, and clinical presentation of the disease. The key imaging features of the varied pathologic manifestations of this infection that involve the pulmonary and peripheral and central vascular systems are also described. Part 2 will focus on key imaging features of COVID-19 that involve the cardiac, neurologic, abdominal, dermatologic and ocular, and musculoskeletal systems, as well as pediatric and pregnancy-related manifestations of the virus. Vascular complications pertinent to each system will be also be discussed in part 2.

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“…For this reason, most of the guidelines published so far are more appropriate for adults than for children. Several systematic reviews with simple meta-analysis have been reported, but these have mainly focused on the clinical characteristics of pediatric COVID-19 (5)(6)(7), and data on the transmissibility, rate of viral coinfections, and treatments of pediatric COVID-19 are still lacking. Asymptomatic transmission is the Achilles' heel of COVID-19 pandemic control, as reported by Gandhi et al (8), but the number of asymptomatic infections in children is unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of COVID-19 in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2020

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Given the relatively low rate and limited publicly available data regarding children with SARS-CoV-2 infection, this knowledge gap should be addressed with urgency. This systematic review with meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the epidemiological spectrum and clinical characteristics of children infected with SARS-CoV-2. Relevant international and Chinese public databases were systematically searched to identify all case studies from January 1, 2020 to May 7, 2020. This study consisted of 96 studies involving 7004 cases. The mean age of pediatric cases was 6.48 years (95% CI 52.0-77.5), 90% had household contact, and 66% presented with mild to moderate clinical syndromes. The main symptoms were fever (47%, 95% CI 41-53%) and cough (42%, 95% CI 36-48%). About 23% of children were asymptomatic, 27% had comorbidity, and 29% had a co-infection. The pooled mean incubation period was 9.57 days (95% CI 7.70-11.44). The shedding of SARS-CoV-2 in the upper respiratory tract lasted 11.43 days, and 75% of patients had virus particles in their stool. A total of 34% of the children had neutropenia and 26% had lymphocytosis. Interferon-alpha (81%) was the most commonly used antiviral drug in the children. The discharge and death rates were 79 and 1%. In conclusion, the transmissibility of pediatric COVID-19 should be not ignored because of the relatively long incubation period, shedding duration, and mild clinical syndromes.

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Clinical Characteristics of Children With COVID-19: A Meta-Analysis

Cited by 123 publications

References 42 publications

Preventing and Mitigating SARS-CoV-2 Transmission — Four Overnight Camps, Maine, June–August 2020

Preventing and Mitigating SARS-CoV-2 Transmission — Four Overnight Camps, Maine, June–August 2020

Multisystem Imaging Manifestations of COVID-19, Part 1: Viral Pathogenesis and Pulmonary and Vascular System Complications

Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of COVID-19 in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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