Clinical Characteristics of Children With Eosinophilic Cardiac Disease

Acute Myocardial Dysfunction and Hypereosinophilic Infiltrative Myocarditis Secondary to New-Onset Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

“…Eosinophilic myocarditis is an uncommon phenomenon in children, although it is associated with wide-ranging causes, including infectious, rheumatologic, immunologic, and oncological processes ( 2 , 3 ). Eosinophilic leukocytosis is reported in <1% of ALL cases, and hypereosinophilic myocarditis at presentation is very uncommon, although it is a determinant of significant mortality and morbidity ( 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ).…”

“…Initial inflammation includes a predominance of lymphocytes and eosinophils leading to myocardial cell death, followed by an increased risk of thrombosis formation secondary to ventricular dilation and damage. Finally, fibrosis of the myocardium and valves develops, which consequently results in systolic dysfunction, valve regurgitation, and restrictive hemodynamics ( 2 , 6 ). Although fibrosis is typically mitigated with prompt response to the initial insult, once it occurs, the finding is irreversible.…”