Clinical Characteristics of Scleritis and Episcleritis: Results from the Pacific Ocular Inflammation Study

Homayounfar, Gelareh; Borkar, Durga S.; Tham, Vivien M.; Nardone, Natalie; Acharya, Nisha R.

doi:10.3109/09273948.2013.854394

Cited by 23 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…At the time of the study, KP Hawaii had 18 clinics throughout the state. 3 Institutional review board and ethics committee approval was obtained from KP Hawaii Center for Health Research and from the Committee on Human Research at the University of California, San Francisco. Informed consent of study patients was not required because of the retrospective nature of the study.…”

Section: Patient Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…O cular inflammatory diseases account for significant morbidity worldwide. [1][2][3] Despite the increasing number of population-based reports using administrative databases for research, few studies have examined the accuracy of International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) diagnostic codes for ocular inflammatory diseases. 4 Because claims data are primarily used for billing purposes, it is important to validate the use of diagnostic codes for research and ensure that the coding actually reflects the conditions described in the medical record.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Assessment of the Accuracy of UsingICD-9Codes to Identify Uveitis, Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus, Scleritis, and Episcleritis

et al. 2016

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IMPORTANCE With the increased use of data from electronic medical records for research, it is important to validate International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) codes for their respective diagnoses. OBJECTIVE To assess the accuracy of using ICD-9 codes to identify ocular inflammatory diseases. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Retrospective secondary database analysis. The setting was Kaiser Permanente Hawaii, an integrated managed care consortium that serves approximately 15% of the general Hawaiian population. Participants were patients with ICD-9 diagnosis codes that might be associated with a diagnosis of ocular inflammation seen at

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Section: Patient Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Accuracy of UsingICD-9Codes to Identify Uveitis, Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus, Scleritis, and Episcleritis

et al. 2016

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“…Scleritis is an uncommon, destructive inflammation of the sclera, often associated with systemic connective tissue diseases, or potentially lethal vasculitides [ Table 1 ]. [ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 ] If left untreated, it can cause irreversible visual loss. [ 1 2 3 ] It has been classified based on anatomical location (anterior and posterior) and nature of involvement (diffuse, nodular, and necrotizing).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 2 3 4 ] In the pediatric age group, it is rarer compared to adult population, is often idiopathic with no associated systemic disease, or concurrent anterior segment inflammation or pain and occurs both in males and females. [ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Posterior scleritis in pediatric age group: A case report and review of literature

Shenoy¹,

Suryawanshi²,

Isaac³

et al. 2016

Oman J Ophthalmol

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Posterior scleritis is rare in both the adult and pediatric age groups. Increased awareness and availability of advanced diagnostic facilities aid in early diagnosis and management. Visual recovery is possible with systemic steroids and immunosuppression. We report the case of a 12-year-old male child who presented with poor vision in his right eye and was found to have retinal striae and disc edema due to posterior scleritis.

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Epidemiology of Scleritis in the United Kingdom From 1997 to 2018: Population‐Based Analysis of 11 Million Patients and Association Between Scleritis and Infectious and Immune‐Mediated Inflammatory Disease

Braithwaite

Adderley

Subramanian

et al. 2021

Arthritis & Rheumatology

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Objective To estimate 22‐year trends in the prevalence and incidence of scleritis, and the associations of scleritis with infectious and immune‐mediated inflammatory diseases (I‐IMIDs) in the UK. Methods The retrospective cross‐sectional and population cohort study (1997–2018) included 10,939,823 patients (2,946 incident scleritis cases) in The Health Improvement Network, a nationally representative primary care records database. The case–control and matched cohort study (1995–2019) included 3,005 incident scleritis cases and 12,020 control patients matched by age, sex, region, and Townsend deprivation index. Data were analyzed using multivariable Poisson regression, multivariable logistic regression, and Cox proportional hazards multivariable models adjusted for age, sex, Townsend deprivation index, race/ethnicity, smoking status, nation within the UK, and body mass index. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated. Results Scleritis incidence rates per 100,000 person‐years declined from 4.23 (95% CI 2.16–6.31) to 2.79 (95% CI 2.19–3.39) between 1997 and 2018. The prevalence of scleritis per 100,000 person‐years was 93.62 (95% CI 90.17–97.07) in 2018 (61,650 UK patients). Among 2,946 patients with incident scleritis, 1,831 (62.2%) were female, the mean ± SD age was 44.9 ± 17.6 years (range 1–93), and 1,257 (88.8%) were White. Higher risk of incident scleritis was associated with female sex (adjusted IRR 1.53 [95% CI 1.43–1.66], P < 0.001), Black race/ethnicity (adjusted IRR 1.52 [95% CI 1.14–2.01], P = 0.004 compared to White race/ethnicity), or South Asian race/ethnicity (adjusted IRR 1.50 [95% CI 1.19–1.90], P < 0.001 compared to White race/ethnicity), and older age (peak adjusted IRR 4.95 [95% CI 3.99–6.14], P < 0.001 for patients ages 51–60 years versus those ages ≤10 years). Compared to controls, scleritis patients had a 2‐fold increased risk of a prior I‐IMID diagnosis (17 I‐IMIDs, P < 0.001) and significantly increased risk of subsequent diagnosis (13 I‐IMIDs). The I‐IMIDs most strongly associated with scleritis included granulomatosis with polyangiitis, Behçet’s disease, and Sjögren’s syndrome. Conclusion From 1997 through 2018, the UK incidence of scleritis declined from 4.23 to 2.79/100,000 person‐years. Incident scleritis was associated with 19 I‐IMIDs, providing data for rational investigation and cross‐specialty engagement.

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Clinical Characteristics of Scleritis and Episcleritis: Results from the Pacific Ocular Inflammation Study

Cited by 23 publications

References 4 publications

Assessment of the Accuracy of UsingICD-9Codes to Identify Uveitis, Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus, Scleritis, and Episcleritis

Assessment of the Accuracy of UsingICD-9Codes to Identify Uveitis, Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus, Scleritis, and Episcleritis

Posterior scleritis in pediatric age group: A case report and review of literature

Epidemiology of Scleritis in the United Kingdom From 1997 to 2018: Population‐Based Analysis of 11 Million Patients and Association Between Scleritis and Infectious and Immune‐Mediated Inflammatory Disease

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