Clinical characteristics of Spirocerca lupi migration in the spinal cord

Chai, Orit; Yas, Einat; Brenner, Ori; Rojas, Alicia; Konstantin, Lilach; Klainbart, Sigal; Shamir, Merav H.

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2018.02.025

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…In addition, S. lupi produces hypertrophic osteopathy and aortic lesions, leading to thromboembolism, aortic rupture and sudden death [ 3 ]. Moreover, aberrant migrations to thoracic, gastrointestinal [ 12 , 13 ] and spinal [ 14 ] tissues can also occur. Pathognomonic lesions of spirocercosis include aortic scarring with aneurysms, thoracic spondylitis and caudal esophageal nodules [ 7 , 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Spirocerca Lupi Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spirocerca lupi Proteomics and Its Role in Cancer Development: An Overview of Spirocercosis-Induced Sarcomas and Revision of Helminth-Induced Carcinomas

et al. 2021

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Spirocerca lupi is a parasitic nematode of canids that induces a myriad of clinical manifestations in its host and, in 25% of infections, leads to the formation of sarcomas. The description of the protein composition of the excretory and secretory products (Sl-ESP) of S. lupi has shed light on its possible interactions with the host environment, including migration within the host and mechanisms of immunomodulation. Despite this, the process by which S. lupi induces cancer in the dog remains poorly understood, and some hypotheses have arisen regarding these possible mechanisms. In this review, we discuss the role of specific ESP from the carcinogenic helminths Clonorchis sinensis, Opisthorchis viverrini and Schistosoma haematobium in inducing chronic inflammation and cancer in their host’s tissues. The parasitic worms Taenia solium, Echinococcus granulosus, Heterakis gallinarum, Trichuris muris and Strongyloides stercoralis, which have less-characterized mechanisms of cancer induction, are also analyzed. Based on the pathological findings in spirocercosis and the mechanisms by which other parasitic helminths induce cancer, we propose that the sustained inflammatory response in the dog´s tissues produced in response to the release of Sl-ESP homologous to those of other carcinogenic worms may lead to the malignant process in infected dogs.

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Section: Spirocerca Lupi Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spirocerca lupi Proteomics and Its Role in Cancer Development: An Overview of Spirocercosis-Induced Sarcomas and Revision of Helminth-Induced Carcinomas

et al. 2021

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“…Neoplastic transformation of these nodules is a devastating sequel that occurs in 8–26 per cent of the cases 7. Aberrant migration has also been documented and is associated with varied clinical manifestations 1 8–10…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonography is insensitive but specific for detecting aortic wall abnormalities in dogs infected with Spirocerca lupi

et al. 2020

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BackgroundSpirocercosis is caused by the nematode Spirocerca lupi (S lupi). The disease mainly affects dogs and is typically diagnosed by oesophagoscopy or faecal examination; however, these diagnostic tests may deliver false negative results during the migration phase of the nematode. The aim of the present prospective study was to evaluate whether ultrasonography could detect abnormalities in the abdominal aorta, celiac artery, and gastric wall structure as a diagnostic aid to detect S lupi infection in dogs.MethodsOesophagoscopy and a focused abdominal ultrasound scan were performed in 40 dogs that presented to the Koret School of Veterinary Medicine Teaching Hospital, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, with gastrointestinal complaints. Ultrasonography scan findings of 20 dogs with oesophageal nodules, indicating S lupi infection (study group), were compared with those of 20 control dogs.ResultsVascular wall irregularity was significantly more common in the study group than in the control group (9/20 v 1/20, respectively; P=0.008).ConclusionUltrasonographic evaluation of the abdominal aorta, celiac artery, and gastric wall structure is not a sensitive diagnostic marker for spirocercosis in dogs. However, the presence of vascular wall irregularity of the abdominal aorta or celiac artery might indicate S lupi migration.

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“…Adults can be found in nodules or granulomas in the wall of the esophagus, aorta, stomach and other organs. Aortic lesions are considered pathognomonic, even though its typical target is the esophageal wall (CHAI et al, 2018). In severe cases, lesions of caudal thoracic vertebrae spondylitis and neoplastic transformation into fibrosarcoma, osteosarcoma and undifferentiated sarcoma have been observed (RANEN et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spirocerca lupi (SPIRURIDA: SPIROCERCIDAE) INFECTION ASSOCIATED TO SECONDARY MEGAESOPHAGUS AND OBSTRUCTIVE PROCESS IN A SENILE DOG

Lignon

Carareto

Santos

et al. 2020

Ars Vet

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Spirocerca lupi is a nematode parasite that can be found in the esophagus and aorta of carnivores, including humans. Affected animals may develop mild to severe lesions, depending on the degree of infection, route of larval migration and the inflammatory response. The present work describes the occurrence of S. lupi in a 16-year old male Chow Chow dog, presenting a chronic esophagus infection, associated with a critical obstruction. After the identification of the parasite egg by faecal exam, the patient was treated with milbemycin in combination with praziquantel P.O., in days zero, seven and 28 after the diagnose. An esophagogram was also performed, confirming the secondary megaesophagus. The team of clinicians decide to perform a euthanasia due to the complication of the patient's condition, even after the anthelmintic treatment. This report is important as it describes a case after 18 years of epidemiological silence in the Metropolitan region of Curitiba, PR, Brazil. The present data aims to raise awareness about the prevalence of this zoonotic disease and the importance of a specific clinical and radiographic diagnose in dogs. It is noteworthy to report the difficulty to reduce the size of the associated esophagus mass even after a potent anthelmintic treatment.

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Clinical characteristics of Spirocerca lupi migration in the spinal cord

Cited by 21 publications

References 23 publications

Spirocerca lupi Proteomics and Its Role in Cancer Development: An Overview of Spirocercosis-Induced Sarcomas and Revision of Helminth-Induced Carcinomas

Spirocerca lupi Proteomics and Its Role in Cancer Development: An Overview of Spirocercosis-Induced Sarcomas and Revision of Helminth-Induced Carcinomas

Ultrasonography is insensitive but specific for detecting aortic wall abnormalities in dogs infected with Spirocerca lupi

Spirocerca lupi (SPIRURIDA: SPIROCERCIDAE) INFECTION ASSOCIATED TO SECONDARY MEGAESOPHAGUS AND OBSTRUCTIVE PROCESS IN A SENILE DOG

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