Clinical Chemistry of Folic Acid

Davis, Richard E.

doi:10.1016/s0065-2423(08)60127-4

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 229 publications

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“…The serum folate decline has been attributed to rapid plasma clearance, fetal transfer, hemodilution, and possibly hormonal effects, as seen in users of oral contraceptives. There appears to be an elevated incidence of the megaloblastictype anemias in folate-deficient pregnant women (191). In addition, a number of complications have been associated with folate deficiency in pregnant women, although some of these associations are questionable.…”

Section: Fetal Erythropoiesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Roles of Alpha-Fetoprotein During Pregnancy and Perinatal Development

Mizejewski

2004

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

122

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The use of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) as a serum marker in cancer actually predates its employment in the detection of congenital defects; however, the latter use of AFP as a fetal defect marker has propelled its clinical utilization. Although the serum-marker capacity of AFP has long been exploited, less is known of the biological activities of this oncofetal protein during fetal and perinatal development. In the present review, the biological activities of AFP are discussed in light of this glycoprotein's presence in various biological fluid compartments: embryonic and fetal tissues, serum, urine, and reproductive fluids. After a review of the histochemical detection of AFP in various cells and tissues during development, AFP concentrations within various biological fluids were discussed in the context of gestational age and anatomic location. Discussion follows concerning the relationships and roles of AFP in developmental events such as erthyropoiesis, histogenesis/organogenesis, and ligand binding and in developmental disorders such as hypothyroidism, folate deficiencies, and acquired immunodeficiency disorder (AIDS). Based on its association with so many types of birth defects, malformations, and congenital anomalies, AFP can be viewed as a molecular "troubleshooter" until signal transduction pathways are established during pregnancy and prenatal development. The review concludes with a discussion of the place of AFP in the rapidly expanding field of proteomics.

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Section: Fetal Erythropoiesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Roles of Alpha-Fetoprotein During Pregnancy and Perinatal Development

Mizejewski

2004

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

122

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“…During the first step folic acid polyglutamates are converted to folic acid monoglu tamate by intestinal conjugase. The second step includes absorption by active transport and diffusion [22], Be cause we used folic acid monoglutamate in our oral test the first step is not relevant in our study. Thus, it seems logical to assume that the absorption process of the sec ond step only is influenced by the sub-50 OCs used.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sub-50 Oral Contraceptives Affect Folate Kinetics

Steegers‐Theunissen

Rossum²,

Steegers³

et al. 1993

Gynecol Obstet Invest

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The effects of long-term use of oral contraceptives containing less than 50 µg of estrogen (sub-50 OCs) on the kinetics of folic acid monoglutamate, vitamin B₁₂ levels, and iron status have been studied in 29 OC users (Marvelon®) and in 13 women without OC use serving as controls. At 210 min after oral folate loading the median serum folate concentration was significantly lower in OC users when compared to the control group. OC users showed significantly higher total iron binding capacity and significantly lower serum vitamin B₁₂ concentrations. This data demonstrates that sub-50 OCs significantly affect folate kinetics and vitamin B₁₂ levels. However, the folate and vitamin B₁₂ status does not seem to be at risk.

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“…Humans are totally dependent on dietary sources o f folate, and major contributors are green leafy be met by a variety o f folate derivatives, as long as the essential structure o f pteroylglutamic acid remains in tact [14] (Fig. 3, conversion 5 and Table 2).…”

Section: Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 and 3, conversion 1 and Table 2) [24]. About a dozen patients have been reported, who fail to absorb oral fo lic acid monoglutamates or reduced folates (food) [9,14]. These folate malabsorption disorders support the existence o f a specific carrier mechanism in the transport of folate across the intestinal wall, and into the cerebrospinal fluid.…”

Section: Rp Sieegers-theunissen/ European Journal O F Obstetrics and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Folate metabolism and neural tube defects: a review

Steegers‐Theunissen¹

1995

European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductiv

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iThe importance o f folate in norm al fetal developm ent and wellbeing has been recognized only during the past three decades and knowledge concerned is still far from complete. In m an, folate acts as a substrate in the transfer of one-carbon moieties and thereby, plays an essential role in the synthesis o f several am ino acids such as m ethionine and nucleic acids. Consequently, folate require ments are related to the am ount of tissue growth. Epidemiological, clinical and teratological research showed that this B-vitamin is particularly involved in the prevention and pathogenesis o f neural tube defects. Therefore, in this review the metabolism o f folate has been outlined. Furtherm ore, the characteristics of the various genically determ ined folate 'deficiencies5 as well as a possible biochemical explanation o f the relationship between folate and neural tube defects are being discussed. Finally, the new recommen dations launched in N ovem ber 1993 by the D utch H ealth Council as well as the Food and N utrition Council with regard to folate supplementation in the prevention o f neural tube defects are presented.

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Clinical Chemistry of Folic Acid

Cited by 21 publications

References 229 publications

Biological Roles of Alpha-Fetoprotein During Pregnancy and Perinatal Development

Biological Roles of Alpha-Fetoprotein During Pregnancy and Perinatal Development

Sub-50 Oral Contraceptives Affect Folate Kinetics

Folate metabolism and neural tube defects: a review

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