Clinical Computer Applications in Mental Health

Greist, John H.; Klein, Marjorie H.; Erdman, Harold P.; Jefferson, James W.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-5218-4_29

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Results of this study are consistent with those of other studies that have indicated that the majority of psychiatric inpatients are capable of completing computerized assessments (Bloom, 1992;Greist et al, 1983). Patients who were administered the CASPER reported little difficulty understanding the questions or completing the computerized interview.…”

Section: Clinical Applicationssupporting

confidence: 89%

Evaluation of the Computerized Assessment System for Psychotherapy Evaluation and Research (CASPER) interview with a psychiatric inpatient population

Strong

Farrell

2003

J Clin Psychol

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The Computerized Assessment System for Psychotherapy Evaluation and Research (CASPER; Farrell & McCullough-Vaillant, 1996) includes a computer-based interview designed to assess functioning across a broad range of areas. The psychometric properties of scales derived from this interview were examined in a sample of 191 patients from the admissions wards of a state psychiatric hospital. Few participants had difficulty completing the computerized interview, and most rated their reactions to it positively. Item analyses and confirmatory factor analysis largely replicated the structure reported in a previous study of outpatients. Support was found for scales representing Physical Complaints, Worry, Hopelessness, Assertiveness, Hostility/Anger, Thought Problems, Psychotic Symptoms, Substance Use, and Suicidal Thoughts and Behavior. Comparison of scales from the CASPER and the Behavior and Symptom Identification Scale-32 (BASIS-32; Eisen & Culhane, 1999) supported the convergent and discriminant validity of several scales. Support also was found for the CASPER Global Functioning scale. Overall, results supported the use of the CASPER as a valuable tool for assessing inpatient functioning.

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Section: Clinical Applicationssupporting

confidence: 89%

Evaluation of the Computerized Assessment System for Psychotherapy Evaluation and Research (CASPER) interview with a psychiatric inpatient population

Strong

Farrell

2003

J Clin Psychol

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“…Computerized assessment is an area that has grown over the past two decades (Burke & Normand, 1987), especially with the general availability of personal computers. However, as Greist, Klein, Erdman, & Jefferson (1983) note, care must be taken to evaluate the utility of the computerized procedure. Given demonstrated validity and reliability, computer administered interviews should prove a valuable tool for clinical and research applications.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and validation of a computer-administered version of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale.

Kobak

Reynolds²,

Rosenfeld³

et al. 1990

Psychological Assessment: A Journal of Consulting and Clinical

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A computer-administered form of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale was designed to provide scores with a high degree of correspondence with the clinician-administered 17-item version of the scale. Both forms of the Hamilton scale were administered in a counterbalanced design to 97 subjects, including 52 outpatients with a Research Diagnostic Criteria diagnosis of Major Depression, 20 outpatients with Minor Depression, and 25 nonpsychiatric control subjects. Both the computerand clinician-administered interviews demonstrated high internal consistency reliability of .91 and .90, respectively. A correlation of .96 was found between the two versions, and the mean score difference between the two forms was nonsignificant for the total sample. Both forms also demonstrated clinical sensitivity and specificity in differentiating between Major and Minor Depression and Control group subjects. Overall results support the clinical and research use of the computer administered version of the Hamilton scale.Depression is one of the most common psychiatric diagnoses found in adults in this country (Hirschfeld & Cross, 1982), and is considered the number one mental health problem in the United States (Greist & Jefferson, 1984). A recent National Institute of Mental Health multisite Epidemiological Catchment Area study found a lifetime prevalence rate of affective disorders, as denned by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (3rd ed., rev.; DSM-IH-R; American Psychiatric Association, 1987) of 8.3%, with a one-month prevalence rate of 2.2% for a major depressive episode and 3.3% for dysthymia (Regier et al., 1988).For the evaluation of depression, the clinical interview is generally considered the most accurate assessment methodology (Hamilton, 1982). One of the first semi-structured interview measures for the clinical evaluation of severity of depressive symptomatology is the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS;Hamilton, 1960;1967). The Hamilton scale has become a standard for the measurement of clinical levels (as opposed to diagnosis) of depression (

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“…The Computer-Stored Ambulatory Record (COSTAR) system was modifi ed to meet the needs of clinicians and administrators in the Outpatient Navy Mental Health Clinics [ 40 ]. Greist and associates [ 69 ] at the University of Wisconsin developed a computer-based Lithium Library, which in 1983 contained 9,000 citations, and provided online access by free-text entry for information requests by clinicians or investigators on diagnosis, pretreatment workup, and possible complications of lithium treatment. In the 1980s many information systems for psychiatry departments were reported, using minicomputers, including the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine [ 35 , 129 ] and the VA Hospital in Loma Linda, California [ 72 ]; and using microcomputers at Northwestern University Medical School [ 71 ].…”

Section: Mental and Behavioral Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Information Systems for Clinical Subspecialties

Collen¹,

Lorenzi

2015

Health Informatics

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Some of the earliest applications of computers in clinical medicine were in the clinical subspecialties, including cardiology, pulmonary, nephrology, gastroenterology, pediatrics, and the surgical sciences. But health professionals found these prototypes diffi cult to use; data entry devices were awkward and ineffi cient, and order entry functions were often not integrated. Each information system for a clinical subspecialty (ISCS) evolved differently, with its own specialized functional and technical requirements. In the 1960s mainframe computers were limited in their ability to meet all the processing requirements of all the ICSCs in a large hospital. By the 1970s each ISCS could have its own minicomputer-based system linked directly to the central mainframe. Health care professionals used terminals connected to the central computer to enter orders and to receive test results; the central computer transferred the orders to the appropriate ISCS subsystems and integrated the data coming back from the ISCSs into the patients' records stored in the mainframe computer. In the 1980s local area networks linked multiple lower-cost minicomputers; with distributed minicomputers and interactive visual display terminals, clinicians could begin to benefi t from the ISCSs in direct patient care and each ISCS could develop its own system to meet its own requirements. In the 1990s distributed information systems allowed physicians to enter orders and retrieve test results using clinical workstations connected to client-server minicomputers in the local area network that linked the entire hospital, and patient data from all of the distributed ISCS databases were integrated in a computer-based patient record.

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Clinical Computer Applications in Mental Health

Cited by 10 publications

References 50 publications

Evaluation of the Computerized Assessment System for Psychotherapy Evaluation and Research (CASPER) interview with a psychiatric inpatient population

Evaluation of the Computerized Assessment System for Psychotherapy Evaluation and Research (CASPER) interview with a psychiatric inpatient population

Development and validation of a computer-administered version of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale.

Information Systems for Clinical Subspecialties

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