Clinical correlates of vitamin D deficiency in established psychosis

Lally, John; Gardner-Sood, Poonam; Firdosi, Mudasir; Iyegbe, Conrad; Stubbs, Brendon; Greenwood, Kathryn; Murray, Robin M.; Smith, Shubulade; Howes, Oliver; Gaughran, Fiona

doi:10.1186/s12888-016-0780-2

Cited by 47 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Hypertension was only measured in two included studies, with one finding a significant negative correlation with vitamin D (Lally et al, 2016) and the other finding no significant effects (McCue et al, 2012). Finally, only one included study examined waist circumference finding a significant negative correlation with vitamin D (Lally et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…However, there is evidence to suggest that vitamin D among people with psychosis is correlated with the season of blood sampling (Belzeaux et al, 2015;Berg et al, 2010;Crews et al, 2013;Grønli et al, 2014;Lally et al, 2016;Zhu et al, 2015) and parathyroid hormone levels (Bergemann et al, 2008;Rey-Sánchez et al, 2009;Schneider et al, 2000), the latter being negatively correlated to vitamin D. What this review highlights are a multitude of variables that have been found to not significantly correlate with vitamin D within the patient population including but not limited to: BMI, age, gender, smoking, duration of illness and GAF score.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The season of blood sampling was found across 4 included studies to be associated with vitamin D levels in psychotic disorders (Berg et al, 2010;Grønli et al, 2014;Lally et al, 2016;Zhu et al, 2015). This is perhaps not surprising since UVB irradiation intensity varies over the year and it is known that in healthy populations vitamin D levels change with UVB intensity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently vitamin D deficiency was demonstrated in two meta-analyses in patients with psychotic disorders versus controls (Belvederi Murri et al, 2013;Valipour, Saneei & Esmaillzadeh, 2014). Low vitamin D levels have been reported in established (Lally et al, 2016) and first episode psychosis (FEP) (Crews et al, 2013). However, to what extent hypovitaminosis D is related to disease mechanisms or influences health outcomes among this population is unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evidence suggests that low vitamin D is associated with some physical health factors such as high body mass index (BMI) (Vimaleswaran et al, 2013), larger waist circumference (Lally et al, 2016) and increased rates of smoking (Cutillas-Marco et al, 2012), all risk factors for CVD. Furthermore, hypovitaminosis D is a risk factor for osteoporosis in certain age groups (van Schoor et al, 2008) and type 2 diabetes mellitus in women (Lindqvist et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlates of vitamin D in psychotic disorders: A comprehensive systematic review

Adamson

Lally

Gaughran

et al. 2017

Psychiatry Research

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(199/ 200)People with psychosis have high prevalence of low vitamin D levels but the correlates and relevance of this deficiency are unclear. A systematic search of major databases from inception to 03/2016 was undertaken investigating correlates of vitamin D in people with psychosis. Data was summarised with a best evidence synthesis. Across 23 included studies (n=1,770 psychosis, n= 8,171 controls) a mean difference in vitamin D levels between both groups of -11.14 ng/ml 0.59 was found.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Correlates of vitamin D in psychotic disorders: A comprehensive systematic review

Adamson

Lally

Gaughran

et al. 2017

Psychiatry Research

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Characterization of Hip Fractures Among Adults With Schizophrenia in Ontario, Canada

et al. 2023

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ImportanceEvidence suggests that individuals with schizophrenia are at an increased risk of hip fractures; however, the sex-specific burden of hip fractures among adults with schizophrenia has not been quantified and compared with the general population.ObjectiveTo describe sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients with hip fracture and schizophrenia and to quantify their sex-specific annual hip fracture rates relative to those without schizophrenia.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis repeated population-based, cross-sectional study leveraged multiple individually linked health administrative databases for patients in Ontario, Canada. We included patients aged 40 to 105 years with hip fracture–related hospitalization between April 1, 2009, and March 31, 2019. Statistical analysis was performed between November 2021 and February 2023.ExposureSchizophrenia diagnosis, ascertained using a validated algorithm.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcome was sex-specific age-standardized annual hip fracture rate per 10 000 individuals and annual percent change in age-standardized rates. Rates were direct adjusted to the 2011 Ontario population, and joinpoint regression analysis was performed to evaluate annual percent change.ResultsWe identified 117 431 hip fracture records; of these, there were 109 908 index events. Among the 109 908 patients with hip fracture, 4251 had schizophrenia and 105 657 did not. Their median age was 83 years (IQR, 75-89 years), and 34 500 (31.4%) were men. Patients with hip fracture and schizophrenia were younger at the index event compared with those without schizophrenia. Men had a median age of 73 vs 81 years (IQR, 62-83 vs 71-87 years; standardized difference, 0.46), and women had a median age of 80 vs 84 years (IQR, 71-87 vs 77-89 years; standardized difference, 0.32). A higher proportion of patients with vs without schizophrenia had frailty (53.7% vs 34.2%; standardized difference, 0.40) and previous fragility fractures (23.5% vs 19.1%; standardized difference, 0.11). The overall age-standardized rate per 10 000 individuals with vs without schizophrenia was 37.5 (95% CI, 36.4 to 38.6) vs 16.0 (95% CI, 15.9 to 16.1). Age-standardized rates were 3-fold higher in men with vs without schizophrenia (31.0 [95% CI, 29.5 to 32.6] vs 10.1 [95% CI, 10.0 to 10.2]) and more than 2-fold higher in women with vs without schizophrenia (43.4 [95% CI, 41.9 to 44.9] vs 21.4 [95% CI, 21.3 to 21.6]). Overall, joinpoint regression analysis identified a steady annual decrease of 0.7% (95% CI, −1.1% to −0.3%) in age-standardized rates for both study groups.Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this cross-sectional study suggest that individuals with schizophrenia experience an earlier age of onset and considerably higher rate of hip fractures compared with the general population, with implications for targeted fracture prevention and optimization of clinical bone health management over the course of their psychiatric illness.

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Lower Bone Mineral Density at the Hip and Lumbar Spine in People with Psychosis Versus Controls: a Comprehensive Review and Skeletal Site-Specific Meta-analysis

Gómez

Stubbs

Shirazi

et al. 2016

Curr Osteoporos Rep

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It remains unclear if differences in bone mineral density (BMD) exist at different skeletal sites between people with schizophrenia and age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs). Major databases were searched from inception until February 2016 for studies measuring BMD using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at any skeletal site in individuals with schizophrenia. Ten studies investigating 827 people with schizophrenia (55.4 % female, 33.8 ± 9.7 years) and 1379 HCs (58.7 % female, 34.7 ± 9.1 years) were included. People with schizophrenia had significantly reduced BMD at the lumbar spine (standardised mean difference adjusted for publication bias (SMD) = −0.950 (95 % CI = −1.23 to −0.66, fail-safe number = 825) and hip (SMD = −0.534, 95 % CI = −0.876 to −0.192, fail-safe number = 186). A higher proportion of hyperprolactinaemia (β = −0.0102, p < 0.0001) and smokers (β = −0.0099, p = 0.02) moderated a larger reduced BMD at the lumbar spine. Further research is required to investigate if low bone mass and fractures can be prevented in people with schizophrenia.

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Clinical correlates of vitamin D deficiency in established psychosis

Cited by 47 publications

References 47 publications

Correlates of vitamin D in psychotic disorders: A comprehensive systematic review

Correlates of vitamin D in psychotic disorders: A comprehensive systematic review

Characterization of Hip Fractures Among Adults With Schizophrenia in Ontario, Canada

Lower Bone Mineral Density at the Hip and Lumbar Spine in People with Psychosis Versus Controls: a Comprehensive Review and Skeletal Site-Specific Meta-analysis

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