Clinical course and treatment outcomes of toxocariasis-related eosinophilic disorder

Yoon, Sun-Young; Baek, Seunghee; Park, So Y; Shin, Bo-Mi; Kwon, Hyouk‐Soo; Cho, You S; Moon, Hee Bom; Kim, Tae‐Bum

doi:10.1097/md.0000000000012361

Cited by 19 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Therefore, they are often discovered during the investigation of eosinophilia, as in this study, and they are usually self-remitting regardless of treatment. Yoon et al reported that albendazole treatment and duration of albendazole treatment did not induce a significant difference in the improvement of eosinophilia between the treated and untreated groups of toxocariasis patients [7]. Therefore, they suggested that anthelminthic therapy is not required except for in specific clinical situations, including ocular involvement [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yoon et al reported that albendazole treatment and duration of albendazole treatment did not induce a significant difference in the improvement of eosinophilia between the treated and untreated groups of toxocariasis patients [7]. Therefore, they suggested that anthelminthic therapy is not required except for in specific clinical situations, including ocular involvement [7]. However, it is recommended to treat eosinophilia patients when they are diagnosed with toxocariasis, as the larvae can migrate to vital organs, including the eyes and brain, leading to severe sequelae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Humans are accidental hosts of Toxocara canis and, less frequently, of Toxocara cati [4] and can be infected by ingestion of contaminated soil, water, or foods where Toxocara eggs or larvae exist [5]. Consumption of raw or undercooked meat or livers from paratenic hosts has been associated with human infections, especially in Asian countries, including Korea and Japan [4,[6][7][8]. Although most infections in humans are asymptomatic, larvae from the eggs or larvae them-selves can invade various organs causing clinical syndromes such as visceral larva migrans, ocular toxocariasis, neurotoxocariasis, and covert or common toxocariasis [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[5] and toxocariasis has been suggested as a common cause of eosinophilia in Korea [7,[9][10][11][12][13]. Several papers have reported the possible relationship of eosinophilia with toxocariasis among healthy, asymptomatic adults [12,14] or patients with eosinophilia in Korea [6,7,9,11,13]. Some studies were performed by retrospective review of the medical records of eosinophilia patients [7,9,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Toxocariasis and Its Risk Factors in Patients with Eosinophilia in Korea

et al. 2020

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Eosinophilia occurs commonly in many diseases including allergic diseases and helminthic infections. Toxocariasis has been suggested as one cause of eosinophilia. The present study was undertaken to examine the prevalence of toxocariasis in patients with eosinophilia and to identify the risk factors for toxocariasis. This prospective cohort study recruited a total of 81 patients with eosinophilia (34 males and 47 females) who visited the outpatient clinic at Seoul National University Hospital from January 2017 to February 2018 and agreed to participate in this study. The prevalence of toxocariasis was examined by T. canis-specific ELISA, and the various risk factors for toxocariasis were evaluated by a questionnaire survey. Among 81 patients with eosinophilia, 18 were positive for anti-T. canis antibodies (22.2%); 88.9% were male (16/18) and 11.1% were female (2/18). Multivariate statistical analysis revealed that males (OR 21.876, 95% CI: 1.667-287.144) with a history of consuming the raw meat or livers of animals (OR 5.899, 95% CI: 1.004-34.669) and a heavy alcohol-drinking habit (OR 8.767, 95% CI: 1.018-75.497) were at higher risk of toxocariasis in patients with eosinophilia. Toxocariasis should be considered a potential cause of eosinophilia when the patient has a history of eating the raw meat or livers of animals in Korea. A single course of albendazole is recommended to reduce the migration of Toxocara larvae in serologically positive cases with eosinophilia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Toxocariasis and Its Risk Factors in Patients with Eosinophilia in Korea

et al. 2020

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“…Eosinophilia, on the other hand, has long been recognized as an important biomarker for toxocariasis [ 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ]. In the major clinical presentation, visceral larva migrans (VLM) syndrome, eosinophilia is a distinguishable biomarker that can be drastically elevated [ 37 , 41 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Integrated Study of Toxocara Infection in Honduran Children: Human Seroepidemiology and Environmental Contamination in a Coastal Community

et al. 2020

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(1) Background: Infections caused by Toxocara canis and T. cati are considered zoonoses of global importance. Reports from North and South America indicate that human infections are widespread in both continents, but epidemiological information from Central America is still lacking. (2) Methodology: In the present cross-sectional multi-year study, we aimed to undertake the first seroepidemiological and environmental study on toxocariasis in Honduras. This included the determination of seroprevalence of anti-Toxocara spp. antibodies in children using a Toxocara spp. purified excretory-secretory antigens enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (TES-ELISA) and a confirmatory Western blot. As well, through statistical analysis including logistic regression we aimed at identifying relevant biological and epidemiological factors associated with seropositivity. The study also entailed detection of parasites’ eggs in the soil samples both through Sheather’s concentration method and a nested polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. (3) Results: The study was undertaken in a coastal community of Honduras in 2 different years, 2015 and 2017. A total of 88 healthy schoolchildren completed the study, with participation of 79% (73/92) and 65% (46/71) of the student body in 2015 and 2017, respectively. Thirty-one children participated in both years (i.e., dual participants). Through both serological tests, seropositivity was confirmed in 88.6% (78/88) of children. Due to the high number of seropositives, logistic regression analysis was not possible for most socio-economic and epidemiological variables. Eosinophilia, on the other hand, was associated with seropositivity, independently of other intestinal helminthic infections. Continued seropositivity was observed in most of the dual participants, while seroconversion was determined in 8 of these children. Microscopic examination of soil samples did not yield any positive results. Through nested PCR-RFLP, 3 of the 50 samples (6%) were positive for Toxocara spp.; two were identified as T. canis and one as T. cati. (4) Conclusions: This work documents for the first time, high levels of human exposure to Toxocara spp. in Honduras. These findings, along with the country’s favorable epidemiological conditions for this zoonosis, emphasize the need for more research to determine whether this infection is underreported in the country.

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Clinical pathology of larval toxocariasis

Mazur‐Melewska¹,

Mania²,

Służewski³

et al. 2020

Advances in Parasitology

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Clinical course and treatment outcomes of toxocariasis-related eosinophilic disorder

Abstract: Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text

Cited by 19 publications

References 29 publications

Prevalence of Toxocariasis and Its Risk Factors in Patients with Eosinophilia in Korea

Prevalence of Toxocariasis and Its Risk Factors in Patients with Eosinophilia in Korea

An Integrated Study of Toxocara Infection in Honduran Children: Human Seroepidemiology and Environmental Contamination in a Coastal Community

Clinical pathology of larval toxocariasis

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