Clinical course of development of alcohol and opioid dependence: What are the implications in prevention?

Saddichha, Sahoo; Manjunatha, Narayana; Khess, Christoday Raja Jayant

doi:10.4103/0970-0218.66895

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In our study all the patients being men is in consonance with the finding that SUD treatment seekers in the region are almost exclusively men (Basu et al 2012;Basu et al 2013). Also, our alcohol dependent group being older than the opioid dependent group reflects the usual age of presentation and progression of these two disorders in India (Mattoo et al 2009;Saddichha et al 2010). The pattern of opioid abuse is also similar to that of the geographical area, where natural opiates as well as prescription opioids and heroin are used (Basu et al 2012).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Stigma Towards Substance use: Comparing Treatment Seeking Alcohol and Opioid Dependent men

Mattoo

Sarkar

Gupta

et al. 2014

Int J Ment Health Addiction

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Despite clinically relevant implications, stigma towards substance users remains an understudied area, especially in developing countries. This study aimed to find the extent of stigma towards substance use reported by substance users attending a de-addiction centre in India. Purposive sampling was used to recruit consenting fifty patients each dependent on alcohol and opioid from a tertiary care hospital in north India. Demographic and clinical details were recorded. The Stigma Scale and the Perceived Stigma of substance Abuse Scale (PSAS) were administered to both the groups to assess stigma. Alcohol dependent subjects reported higher stigma than the opioid dependent subjects on the Stigma Scale (t=3.234, p=0.018). Linear regression showed that duration of dependence, being employed and currently abstinent predicted greater stigma experienced as per the Stigma Scale. Presently being employed and higher per-capita income predicted lower perceived stigma towards substance users as per PSAS. Stigma in substance users remains a major clinical concern, minimizing which can help mitigate negative clinical consequences like delayed treatment seeking and reduced treatment compliance.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Stigma Towards Substance use: Comparing Treatment Seeking Alcohol and Opioid Dependent men

Mattoo

Sarkar

Gupta

et al. 2014

Int J Ment Health Addiction

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“…2.4 million People began using alcohol and opiod in the year 2013 and among them, 78% were aged 12 to 20. 6 The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are 17 goals with 169 targets that all 191 UN member states have agreed to try to achieve by the year 2030. In these SDGs, Goal-3 (Target-5) narrates that "Strengthen the prevention and treatment of substance abuse, including narcotic drug abuse and harmful use of alcohol."…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of substance abuse among adolescents of urban and rural community in Surendranagar district, Gujarat

Jasani

Jadeja

Patel

et al. 2019

Int J Community Med Public Health

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Background: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), substance abuse is “persistent or sporadic drug use inconsistent with or unrelated to acceptable medical practice.” Recently, substance abuse has been increasing among children and adolescents. Alcohol is one of the leading causes of death and disability globally and in India. Tobacco consumption is a major preventable cause of death, accounting for 13,000 deaths per day globally. This study was conducted to identify the prevalence of substance abuse and its pattern among adolescents in rural and urban community of Surendranagar district.Methods: It was a cross-sectional study carried out among 300 rural (150 from school and 150 from community) and 300 urban (150 from school and 150 from community) adolescents selected by simple random sampling. Data was collected and analysed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences and Microsoft excel have been used to generate graphs, tables, etc.Results: Prevalence of substance abuse in our study was 30.17%. Adolescents from rural community had higher prevalence (37.67%). Prevalence was significantly higher in males (55.33%) than compared to females (5%). Tobacco was most common substance abused by the adolescents.Conclusions: Prevalence of substance abuse was higher in rural compared to urban community and in males compared to females. Chewing form being the most common form of abusing the tobacco followed by smoking and drinking form in our study.

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“…On the one hand, the importance of the treatment of alcohol was equated with that of opioids, with laws uniformly throughout the world for its control, as a public health policy. 25 On the other hand, the adoption of an effective and efficient educational strategy starts in the school context, because the preadolescents' initiation into the use and abuse of alcohol and other drugs is occurring more and more prematurely. Interdisciplinary and intergenerational dialogue should be added in the centrality of the educational process, even recognizing the precariousness of affective relationships and social and cultural conditions as critical ones, stirring up the fragility of the family and school, but potentially capable of exercising their protective roles and prevention in the fight against alcohol and drugs.…”

Section:  Naltrexone (Ntx)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Controle do uso abusivo do álcool com psicofármacos

Duarte

Miranda

Silva

et al. 2018

Rev enferm UFPE on line.

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RESUMOObjetivo: identificar os principais efeitos positivos do tratamento com psicofármaco no controle do uso abusivo do álcool. Método: revisão integrativa, sem a delimitação temporal, nas bases de dados MEDLINE, CINAHL e LILACS. Utilizou-se incorporação de evidências. Os procedimentos adotados para a análise crítica dos estudos, em três cruzamentos, foram 77 publicações potencialmente elegíveis, selecionando-se, ao final, cinco por dois pesquisadores independentes, usando-se instrumento adaptado para verificar o nível de evidência. Resultados: identificou-se três psicofármacos: o acamprosato apresentou melhor tolerância e não evita a recorrência tardia; a naltrexona não reduz a frequência de beber, porém reduz a intensidade do consumo quando usada isoladamente; o disulfiram eficaz na abstinência, com reações variadas. Conclusão: conclui-se que os resultados sobre o tratamento do uso abusivo do álcool com psicofármacos apresenta elevado nível de evidência, condições e recomendações para os resultados primários e secundários. Descritores: Alcoolismo; Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias; Farmacologia; Enfermagem Psiquiátrica, Intoxicação Alcoólica; Bebedeira.ABSTRACTObjective: to identify the main positive effects of treatment with psychoactive drugs in the control of alcohol abuse. Method: this is an integrative review, without temporal delimitation, in MEDLINE, CINAHL and LILACS databases. Incorporation of evidence was used. The procedures adopted for the critical analysis of the studies in three crossings identified 77 potentially eligible publications. In the end, five of them were selected by two independent researchers, using an instrument adapted to verify the level of evidence. Results: three psychoactive drugs were identified: acamprosate presented better tolerance and did not prevent late recurrence; naltrexone does not reduce the frequency of drinking, but reduces the intensity of consumption when used alone; the disulfiram effective in abstinence, with varied reactions. Conclusion: it is concluded that the results of the treatment of alcohol abuse with psychoactive drugs present high level of evidence, conditions, and recommendations for primary and secondary outcomes. Descriptors: Alcoholism; Substance-Related Disorders; Pharmacology; Psychiatric Nursing; Alcoholic Intoxication; Binge Drinking.RESUMENObjetivo: identificar los principales efectos positivos del tratamiento con psicofármaco en el control del uso abusivo de alcohol. Método: revisión integradora, sin la delimitación temporal, en las bases de datos MEDLINE, CINAHL y LILACS. Se utilizó la incorporación de evidencias. Los procedimientos adoptados para el análisis crítico de los estudios, en tres cruzamientos, fueron identificadas 77 publicaciones potencialmente elegibles. Al final se seleccionaron cinco por dos investigadores independientes, usando instrumento adaptado para verificar el nivel de evidencia. Resultados: Se identificaron tres psicofármacos: el acamprosato presentó mejor tolerancia y no evita la recurrencia tardía; la naltrexona no reduce la frecuencia de beber, sin embargo reduce la intensidad del consumo cuando usada aisladamente; el disulfiram eficaz en la abstinencia, con reacciones variadas. Conclusión: se concluye que los resultados sobre el tratamiento del uso abusivo del alcohol con psicofármacos presentan elevado nivel de evidencia, condiciones y recomendaciones para los resultados primarios y secundarios. Descriptores: Alcoholismo; Trastornos Relacionados al Uso de Substancias; Farmacología; Enfermería Psiquiátrica; Intoxicación Alcohólica; Borrachera.

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Clinical course of development of alcohol and opioid dependence: What are the implications in prevention?

Cited by 5 publications

References 8 publications

Stigma Towards Substance use: Comparing Treatment Seeking Alcohol and Opioid Dependent men

Stigma Towards Substance use: Comparing Treatment Seeking Alcohol and Opioid Dependent men

Prevalence of substance abuse among adolescents of urban and rural community in Surendranagar district, Gujarat

Controle do uso abusivo do álcool com psicofármacos

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