Clinical Cure of Bacterial Conjunctivitis with Azithromycin 1%: Vehicle-Controlled, Double-Masked Clinical Trial

Abelson, Mark B.; Heller, Warren; Shapiro, Aron; Si, Erwin; Hsu, Peng Wei; Bowman, Lyle M.

doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2008.01.019

Cited by 45 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…32 Azithromycin 1% ophthalmic formulation was evaluated in randomized, double-masked, comparator (vehicle or tobramycin 0.3%) studies in patients with bacterial conjunctivitis. 33,34 Both clinical resolution (63.1 vs. 48.7%) and bacteriologic eradication (88.5 vs. 66.4%) rates were significantly higher for azithromycin 1% ophthalmic solution vs. vehicle, respectively, at day 6 or 7 when azithromycin was administered twice daily for 2 days, then once daily for 3 days. Bacteriologic eradication rates with azithromycin 1% for the most common causative pathogens ranged from 83 to 94%.…”

Section: Macrolidesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Limitations of Current Antibiotics for the Treatment of Bacterial Conjunctivitis

Karpecki

Paterno

Comstock

2010

Optometry and Vision Science

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Bacterial conjunctivitis is a common ocular infection that is generally treated empirically with a broad-spectrum antibiotic. The more common pathogens causing bacterial conjunctivitis include Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Moraxella species. Several antibiotics traditionally used to treat bacterial conjunctivitis are no longer widely prescribed because of increased bacterial resistance and/or safety concerns. The introduction of the fluoroquinolone class of anti-infectives offered effective and better tolerated treatment options. Nonetheless, successful therapy for bacterial conjunctivitis continues to be limited by several factors. A primary concern is the development of bacterial resistance that may be impacted not only by widespread antibiotic use but also by antibacterial pharmacokinetics, such as maintenance of insufficient bactericidal concentrations at the site of infection. In addition, poor adherence to prescribed regimens that require frequent administration, along with undesirable adverse events, affects the development of bacterial resistance and the success of treatment regimens. This article reviews current antibacterial agents used to treat bacterial conjunctivitis, factors that limit their successful use in treatment, and options for future development of more effective topical ophthalmic anti-infective agents.

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Section: Macrolidesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Limitations of Current Antibiotics for the Treatment of Bacterial Conjunctivitis

Karpecki

Paterno

Comstock

2010

Optometry and Vision Science

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“…Chronic blepharitis appears to be a multifactorial disease, with in flammatory and mechanical components, in addition to a low gra de infectious component. It is commonly associated with ocular pathogens such as coagulase negative staphylococci, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Staphylococcus aureus; all of which are normal flora of the eyelid margin (14) . Due to the relapsingremitting nature of the disease, the standard treatment regimen is usually for lifetime.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It binds reversibly to the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome and inhibits RNAdependent protein synthe (13) . Azithromycin was studied in bacterial conjunctivitis and proved to be both effective and safe with good patient tolerance (14,15) . The purpose of the present study is to determine the efficacy of topical azithromycin 1.5% ophthalmic solution combined with eye lid hygiene in the treatment of patients with moderate to severe anterior and/or posterior blepharitis and to compare two different modalities of administration: a threeday regimen versus a prolonged onemonth regimen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Azithromycin 1.5% ophthalmic solution: efficacy and treatment modalities in chronic blepharitis

Fadlallah¹,

Rami²,

Fahd³

et al. 2012

Arq. Bras. Oftalmol.

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Purpose: To assess the efficacy of topical 1.5% azithromycin in the treatment of mo derate to severe chronic blepharitis and to compare the efficacy of two different treatment modalities. Methods: A randomized clinical trial included 67 patients with chronic anterior and/or posterior blepharitis, followedup for 3 months. Signs and symptoms were graded according to severity. Patients were randomized into two groups: 33 patients in group I and 34 patients in group II. Group I patients were treated with topical 1.5% azithromycin twice a day for three days, and Group II patients were treated with topical 1.5% azithromycin twice a day for three days then at bedtime for the rest of the month. All patients were instructed to apply warm compresses and an eyefriendly soap twice daily. Results: Patients in both groups tolerated the treatment with minimal irritation. A signi ficant improvement in signs and symptoms was noted at the one week fol lowup visit. Group II showed a more pronounced and longerlasting improvement that persisted after three months of followup. Conclusion: Topical 1.5% azithromycin ophthalmic solution is an effective treat ment option for chronic blepharitis. In moderate to severe blepharitis, a one month treatment is safe and shows better improvement than the threeday protocol with no significant relapse until three months of followup.

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“…Three more-recent studies, not carried out in primary care, have shown a significant effect of antibiotics for conjunctivitis. [20][21][22] It is difficult to compare the present studies with these three recent trials in secondary care, as their focus was microbiological rather than clinical. All three trials confined their analyses to culture-positive patients, and hence excluded over half the randomised patients.…”

Section: Discuss This Articlementioning

confidence: 72%

Acute infective conjunctivitis in primary care: who needs antibiotics? An individual patient data meta-analysis

Jefferis¹,

Perera²,

Everitt³

et al. 2011

Br J Gen Pract

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Clinical Cure of Bacterial Conjunctivitis with Azithromycin 1%: Vehicle-Controlled, Double-Masked Clinical Trial

Cited by 45 publications

References 13 publications

Limitations of Current Antibiotics for the Treatment of Bacterial Conjunctivitis

Limitations of Current Antibiotics for the Treatment of Bacterial Conjunctivitis

Azithromycin 1.5% ophthalmic solution: efficacy and treatment modalities in chronic blepharitis

Acute infective conjunctivitis in primary care: who needs antibiotics? An individual patient data meta-analysis

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