Clinical developments of antitumor polymer therapeutics

Parveen, Shazia; Arjmand, Farukh; Tabassum, Sartaj

doi:10.1039/c9ra04358f

Cited by 57 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 185 publications

(209 reference statements)

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“…Polymer drug conjugates are comprised of a polymer and a therapeutic agent covalently bound, the therapeutic agent being a small molecule or a large molecule like protein [116]. The purpose of conjugation is to achieve better efficacy through extended plasma stability and safety through targeted delivery [117,118]. Besides cancer, such conjugates have found tremendous potential in antiviral therapy.…”

Section: Polymer Drug Conjugatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanotechnology-based antiviral therapeutics

Chakravarty

Vora

2020

Drug Deliv. and Transl. Res.

211

165

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The host immune system is highly compromised in case of viral infections and relapses are very common. The capacity of the virus to destroy the host cell by liberating its own DNA or RNA and replicating inside the host cell poses challenges in the development of antiviral therapeutics. In recent years, many new technologies have been explored for diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of viral infections. Nanotechnology has emerged as one of the most promising technologies on account of its ability to deal with viral diseases in an effective manner, addressing the limitations of traditional antiviral medicines. It has not only helped us to overcome problems related to solubility and toxicity of drugs, but also imparted unique properties to drugs, which in turn has increased their potency and selectivity toward viral cells against the host cells. The initial part of the paper focuses on some important proteins of influenza, Ebola, HIV, herpes, Zika, dengue, and corona virus and those of the host cells important for their entry and replication into the host cells. This is followed by different types of nanomaterials which have served as delivery vehicles for the antiviral drugs. It includes various lipid-based, polymer-based, lipid-polymer hybrid-based, carbon-based, inorganic metal-based, surface-modified, and stimuli-sensitive nanomaterials and their application in antiviral therapeutics. The authors also highlight newer promising treatment approaches like nanotraps, nanorobots, nanobubbles, nanofibers, nanodiamonds, nanovaccines, and mathematical modeling for the future. The paper has been updated with the recent developments in nanotechnology-based approaches in view of the ongoing pandemic of COVID-19.

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Section: Polymer Drug Conjugatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanotechnology-based antiviral therapeutics

Chakravarty

Vora

2020

Drug Deliv. and Transl. Res.

211

165

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“…Polymeric nanosystems are produced by a polymerization reaction of many monomer units, and under certain conditions, they can be organized and self-assemble with ananometric size (10-100 nm) [10][11][12]. Due to the high diversity of their properties, NPs attract great attention as multifunctional nanocarriers in DDSs [9,11] Depending on the preparation method, drugs can be entrapped, encapsulated or bound to polymeric NPs in the form of a nanosphere, a nanocapsule or a drug conjugate (Figure 1) [7,9,10]. Nanospheres are colloidal particles that entrap the drug inside their matrix by physical dispersion or by adsorption on the particle surface, while nanocapsules are systems consisting of a core cavity with an encapsulated drug and polymeric shell surrounding it.…”

Section: Polymeric Nanoparticles (Nps)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They consist of amphiphilic block copolymers with hydrophilic and hydrophobic units that self-assemble in water solution at the critical micelle concentration (CMC). Micellar polymeric units can be formed in different ways, such as diblock copolymers (A-B), triblock copolymers (A-B-A) and copolymer conjugates ( Figure 2) [9].…”

Section: Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Polymeric Nanocarriersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chemotherapeutics are mostly drugs that are poorly soluble in water with a limited delivery to the target tissue. Encapsulation or entrapment of drugs in nanocarriers facilitates their transport in the circulation to the cancer tissue, inhibiting their rapid biodegradation and improving their bioavailability [9]. Moreover, nanocarriers with incorporated drugs provide a longer circulation half-life of drugs, increasing their efficacy and enabling a lower dose of application [2,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Encapsulation or entrapment of drugs in nanocarriers facilitates their transport in the circulation to the cancer tissue, inhibiting their rapid biodegradation and improving their bioavailability [9]. Moreover, nanocarriers with incorporated drugs provide a longer circulation half-life of drugs, increasing their efficacy and enabling a lower dose of application [2,9]. Compared with natural polymers, synthetic nanocarriers can be tailored to control the release of encapsulated drugs by modifying their structure [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Polymeric Nanocarriers of Drug Delivery Systems in Cancer Therapy

et al. 2020

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Conventional chemotherapy is the most common therapeutic method for treating cancer by the application of small toxic molecules thatinteract with DNA and causecell death. Unfortunately, these chemotherapeutic agents are non-selective and can damage both cancer and healthy tissues, producing diverse side effects, andthey can have a short circulation half-life and limited targeting. Many synthetic polymers have found application as nanocarriers of intelligent drug delivery systems (DDSs). Their unique physicochemical properties allow them to carry drugs with high efficiency, specificallytarget cancer tissue and control drug release. In recent years, considerable efforts have been made to design smart nanoplatforms, including amphiphilic block copolymers, polymer-drug conjugates and in particular pH- and redox-stimuli-responsive nanoparticles (NPs). This review is focused on a new generation of polymer-based DDSs with specific chemical functionalities that improve their hydrophilicity, drug loading and cellular interactions.Recentlydesigned multifunctional DDSs used in cancer therapy are highlighted in this review.

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Nanotechnology‐Based Strategies to Evaluate and Counteract Cancer Metastasis and Neoangiogenesis

Şen

Emanet

Ciofani

2021

Adv Healthcare Materials

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Cancer metastasis is the major cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality. It represents one of the greatest challenges in cancer therapy, both because of the ability of metastatic cells to spread into different organs, and because of the consequent heterogeneity that characterizes primary and metastatic tumors. Nanomaterials can potentially be used as targeting or detection agents owing to unique chemical and physical features that allow tailored and tunable theranostic functions. This review highlights nanomaterial-based approaches in the detection and treatment of cancer metastasis, with a special focus on the evaluation of nanostructure effects on cell migration, invasion, and angiogenesis in the tumor microenvironment.

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Clinical developments of antitumor polymer therapeutics

Abstract: Polymer therapeutics encompasses polymer–drug conjugates that are nano-sized, multicomponent constructs already in the clinic as antitumor compounds, either as single agents or in combination with other organic drug scaffolds.

Cited by 57 publications

References 185 publications

Nanotechnology-based antiviral therapeutics

Nanotechnology-based antiviral therapeutics

Polymeric Nanocarriers of Drug Delivery Systems in Cancer Therapy

Nanotechnology‐Based Strategies to Evaluate and Counteract Cancer Metastasis and Neoangiogenesis

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