: The microbiome consists of a collection of microorganisms, their genetic material, and their interactions within a specific biological environment. Atopic dermatitis is a complex, long-lasting inflammatory skin condition that causes dryness and itchiness. It is often associated with other conditions like allergic rhino conjunctivitis and asthma. Contemporary methods that do not require culturing have been developed to identify microorganisms and their genetic makeup, which can have both positive and negative effects on their host. There are indications that microorganisms in the gut and on the skin could potentially influence the progression of atopic dermatitis. Although antiseptic treatments have been used for many years, conventional diagnostic methods and genomics are now beginning to help us understand that targeted interventions for imbalanced microbial communities might eventually be incorporated into a comprehensive therapeutic approach.