Clinical effects of detailed nursing management interventions on medication adherence and disease perception in patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis

Abstract

BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic respiratory infectious disease that considerably jeopardizes human health, and there is no effective vaccine suitable for its prevention in the entire population. AIM To investigate the promotion of medication adherence and disease cognition in patients with drug-resistant (DR-)TB using detailed nursing management. METHODS In total, 114 patients with DR-TB who were diagnosed and treated at our hospital between January 2019 and January 2023 were included in this study. Patients in the control group (n = 57) were managed with conventional nursing care, while those in the observation group (n = 57) were managed with detailed nursing care. Medication adherence, disease awareness scores, medication safety, and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups after the intervention. RESULTS The post-intervention medication compliance rate was 91.23% in the observation group and 75.44% in the control group, with the former being 15.79% higher than the latter (P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the disease awareness scores between the two groups before the intervention; the disease awareness scores of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group after the intervention (P < 0.05). The incidence of gastrointestinal reactions, joint swelling and pain, hearing loss, electrolyte disorders, and liver and kidney function abnormalities were lower in the observation group than those in the control group. The total nursing satisfaction of the observation group was higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Implementation of detailed nursing management for patients with DR-TB can effectively improve medication adherence, enhance awareness of the disease, ensure safety of medication, and improve satisfaction with nursing care.