Clinical efficacy of diclofenac sodium and flunixin meglumine as adjuncts to antibacterial treatment of respiratory disease of calves

Güzel, Murat; Karakurum, MC; Durgut, Ramazan; Mamak, Nuri

doi:10.1111/j.1751-0813.2010.00575.x

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have shown to reduce pyrexia [88][89][90][91], clinical signs [89,90], and lung pathology [90][91][92], and improve average daily weight gains [92] in calves with respiratory disease compared to untreated calves or calves only treated with antimicrobials. Other studies, however, have not found significant differences between treatment groups [93,94].…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calf health from birth to weaning. III. housing and management of calf pneumonia

Lorenz

Earley

Gilmore³

et al. 2011

Ir Vet J

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Calfhood diseases have a major impact on the economic viability of cattle operations. A three part review series has been developed focusing on calf health from birth to weaning. In this paper, the last of the three part series, we review disease prevention and management with particular reference to pneumonia, focusing primarily on the pre-weaned calf. Pneumonia in recently weaned suckler calves is also considered, where the key risk factors are related to the time of weaning. Weaning of the suckler calf is often combined with additional stressors including a change in nutrition, environmental change, transport and painful husbandry procedures (castration, dehorning). The reduction of the cumulative effects of these multiple stressors around the time of weaning together with vaccination programmes (preconditioning) can reduce subsequent morbidity and mortality in the feedlot. In most studies, calves housed individually and calves housed outdoors with shelter, are associated with decreased risk of disease. Even though it poses greater management challenges, successful group housing of calves is possible. Special emphasis should be given to equal age groups and to keeping groups stable once they are formed. The management of pneumonia in calves is reliant on a sound understanding of aetiology, relevant risk factors, and of effective approaches to diagnosis and treatment. Early signs of pneumonia include increased respiratory rate and fever, followed by depression. The single most important factor determining the success of therapy in calves with pneumonia is early onset of treatment, and subsequent adequate duration of treatment. The efficacy and economical viability of vaccination against respiratory disease in calves remains unclear.

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Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calf health from birth to weaning. III. housing and management of calf pneumonia

Lorenz

Earley

Gilmore³

et al. 2011

Ir Vet J

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“…dose of DCF was equally effective as three intravenous (i.v.) injections of flunixin meglumine given on consecutive days as an adjunct to antibacterial treatment of calves with bovine respiratory disease (BRD) (Guzel, Karakurum, Durgut, & Mamak, 2010). Frisbie, McIlwraith, Kawcak, Werpy, and Pearce (2009) reported that treatment with DCF liposomal cream by topical administration had significant benefit and no detrimental effects for horses with osteoarthritis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An LC–MS/MS method for the quantification of diclofenac sodium in dairy cow plasma and its application in pharmacokinetics studies

Yang

Liu

Kong

et al. 2019

Biomedical Chromatography

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An LC–MS/MS method with internal standard tolfenamic acid for determining diclofenac sodium (DCF) in dairy cow plasma was developed and validated. Samples were processed with protein precipitation by cold formic acid–acetonitrile. Determination of DCF was performed using LC–ESI+–MS/MS with the matrix‐matched calibration curve. The results showed that the method was sensitive (LOD 2 ng mL−1, LOQ 5 ng mL−1), accurate (97.60 ± 5.64%), precise (<10%) and linear in the range of 5–10,000 ng mL−1. A single intravenous (i.v.) or intramuscular (i.m.) administration of 5% diclofenac sodium injection at a dose of 2.2 mg kg−1 was performed in six healthy dairy cows according to a two‐period crossover design. The main pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters after a single i.v. administration were as follows: t1/2β, 4.52 ± 1.71 h; AUC, 77.79 ± 16.76 h μg mL−1; mean residence time, 5.16 ± 1.11 h. The main PK parameters after a single i.m. administration were as follows: Tmax, 2.38 ± 1.19 h; Cmax, 7.46 ± 1.85 μg mL−1; t1/2β, 9.46 ± 2.86 h; AUC 67.57 ± 13.07 h μg mL−1. The absolute bioavailability was 87.37 ± 5.96%. The results showed that the diclofenac sodium injection had PK characteristics of rapid absorption and slow elimination, and high peak concentration and bioavailability in dairy cows, and that the recommended clinical dosage of diclofenac sodium injection is 2.2 mg kg−1.

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“…In these cases, the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is considered essential for the treatment of BRD-affected calves (Lekeux, 2007;Guzel et al, 2010;Lekeux and Wallemacq, 2010). An additional benefit is the reduction of fever, pain and discomfort, which leads to improved food intake and welfare (Lockwood et al, 2003).…”

Section: Other Diseases In Beef Cattlementioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on the welfare of cattle kept for beef production and the welfare in intensive calf farming systems

2012

EFSA Journal

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Information given in previous Opinions "Welfare of cattle kept for beef production" (SCAHAW, 2001) and "The risks of poor welfare in intensive calf farming systems" (EFSA, 2006) is updated and recent scientific evidence on the topics reviewed. Risks of poor welfare are identified using a structured analysis, and issues not identified in the SCAHAW (2001) beef Opinion, especially effects of housing and management on enteric and respiratory diseases are reviewed. The Opinion covers all systems of beef production, although the welfare of suckler cows or breeding bulls is not considered. The Chapter on beef cattle presents new evidence and recommendations in relation to heat and cold stress, mutilations and pain management, digestive disorders linked to high concentrate feeds and respiratory disorders linked to overstocking, inadequate ventilation, mixing of animals and failure of early diagnosis and treatment. Major welfare problems in cattle kept for beef production, as identified by risk assessment, were respiratory diseases linked to overstocking, inadequate ventilation, mixing of animals and failure of early diagnosis and treatment, digestive disorders linked to intensive concentrate feeding, lack of physically effective fibre in the diet, and behavioural disorders linked to inadequate floor space, and co-mingling in the feedlot. Major hazards for white veal calves were considered to be iron-deficiency anaemia, a direct consequence of dietary iron restriction, enteric diseases linked to high intakes of liquid feed and inadequate intake of physically effective fibre, discomfort and behavioural disorders linked to inadequate floors and floor space. © European Food Safety Authority, 2012 KEY WORDSBeef cattle welfare, welfare of calves in intensive farming systems, risk assessment, updates. SUMMARYFollowing a request from the European Commission, the Panel on Animal Health and Welfare (AHAW) was asked to deliver a Scientific Opinion on the welfare of cattle kept for beef production and of calves in intensive farming systems.The European Commission is in the process of evaluating the European Union policy on animal welfare, taking account of socio-economic and trade issues. The overall aim is to improve the welfare of animals. To this end, the Commission requested EFSA to give an independent view on animalbased measures for the assessment of welfare in cattle, pigs and poultry. Before starting this work for beef cattle and calves, the Commission requested an update of scientific evidence relating to the welfare of cattle kept for beef production and calves in intensive farming systems; in particular, to consider the extent to which the conclusions and recommendations of two previous Scientific Opinions were still valid. These Opinions were the "Welfare of cattle kept for beef production" (SCAHAW, 2001) and "The risks of poor welfare in intensive calf farming systems" (EFSA, 2006).The SCAHAW (2001) Opinion "The Welfare of Cattle kept for Beef Production" differed from EFSA Opinions, in that it did not includ...

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Clinical efficacy of diclofenac sodium and flunixin meglumine as adjuncts to antibacterial treatment of respiratory disease of calves

Abstract: In this trial, a single intramuscular dose of diclofenac sodium was equally effective as three intravenous injections of flunixin meglumine given on consecutive days as adjunctive therapy for BRD.

Cited by 19 publications

References 11 publications

Calf health from birth to weaning. III. housing and management of calf pneumonia

Calf health from birth to weaning. III. housing and management of calf pneumonia

An LC–MS/MS method for the quantification of diclofenac sodium in dairy cow plasma and its application in pharmacokinetics studies

Scientific Opinion on the welfare of cattle kept for beef production and the welfare in intensive calf farming systems

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