Clinical efficacy of magnesium sulfate injection in the treatment of masseter muscle trigger points: a randomized clinical study

Abstract

Objective Myofascial pain syndrome with trigger points is the most common cause of nonodontogenic pain. Although injection of the trigger points is the most effective pain reduction treatment, many patients exhibit recurrence after a short period. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of magnesium sulfate injections in the treatment of the masseter muscle trigger points when compared to saline injections. Material and method This study randomly (1:1) assigned 180 patients to one of two treatment groups based on whether their trigger points were injected with 2 ml of saline or magnesium sulfate. Pain scores, maximum mouth opening (MMO), and quality of life were measured at the pre-injection and 1, 3, and 6 months post-injection. Results The pain scores were significantly higher in the saline group during all follow-up assessments, whereas the MMO was significantly higher in the magnesium sulfate group up to 3 months of follow-up (p < 0.001). However, the difference in MMO ceased to be statistically significant after 6 months of follow-up (p = 0.121). Additionally, the patient’s quality of life score was significantly higher in the magnesium sulfate group compared to the saline group (p < 0.001). Conclusion Injection of magnesium sulfate is an effective treatment measure for myofascial trigger points. However, further studies with a proper design addressing the limitations of the current study are necessary. ClinicalTrials: org (ID: NCT04742140) 5/2/2021.

Electromotive Drug Administration of Magnesium Sulphate on Spastic Gastrocnemius Muscle of Stroke Patients

“…Regarding the results in our study improvement in gait function (step length) is postulated to decreased spasticity of the calf muscle which is combined with improve in joint flexibility (range of motion) [32], motor control and performance of spastic muscle [33]. Also, spasticity reduction makes it possible to learn normal movement patterns [34] and permit more efficient and useful use of selective motor control [35].…”

Pharmacological Treatments of Temporomandibular Disorders: A Systematic Review Including a Network Meta-Analysis

“…An additional ten were found from other sources. Finally, after reading the 163 full-text articles, 123 did not meet the inclusion criteria and were excluded, resulting in a total of 40 RCTs [ 56 – 95 ] included in this systematic review, out of which 11 were used in the NMA [ 56 , 59 , 69 , 70 , 72 , 75 , 76 , 81 , 83 , 85 , 93 ]. Figure 1 shows the PRISMA flow diagram with the process of evaluating RCTs for inclusion.…”

“…(2021) [ 84 ] RCT TMJ internal derangement Wilkes stages II or III G18: 28 G53: 32 G18: 1:2 G53: 1:2 G18: OA ( n = 17) G53: prolotherapy 50% dextrose ( n = 17) G18: 12 hours/day for 3 months G53: four sessions of intraarticular injection: day 1, day 14, day 42, and day 82 Pain VAS MMO 1 year Some concerns Refahee et al. (2022) [ 85 ] RCT Myofascial pain DC/TMD G1: 31 G54: 36 G1: 1:5 G54: 1:5 G1: saline master trigger point injection ( n = 90) G54: MgSo4 masseter trigger point injection ( n = 90) G1: single intramuscular injection G54: single intramuscular injection Pain VAS MMO 6 months Low Refai et al. (2011) [ 86 ] RCT Painful TMJ subluxation or dislocation Patient history and clinical examination G55: 30 G56: 23 G55: 1:2 G56: 0:6 G55: saline solution + 2% mepivacaine ( n = 6) G56: dextrose 10% + 2% mepivacaine ( n = 6) G55: four intraarticular injections each 6 weeks apart G56: four intraarticular injections each 6 weeks apart MMO 8 months Some concerns Rezazadeh et al.…”

Magnesium Sulfate and Its Versatility in Anesthesia: A Comprehensive Review

“…Due to its proven ability to induce and sustain muscular relaxation, MgSO4 is a valuable adjuvant in various medical situations, such as anesthesia and disorders of the muscles [ 25 ]. Magnesium ions competitively obstruct calcium channels at the neuromuscular junction [ 26 ].…”