Clinical Evidence of Association Between Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus and Hypothyroidism with Therapeutic Relevance—An Observational Study

Abstract

Background: Thyroid disorder and diabetes are associated endocrine disorders. Patients with either one of the disorders are at great risk of developing the other. The coexistence of type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypothyroidism with clinical evidence of effect on one another has not been reported until today. Methods: This prospective study involved 702 patients. Each participant's blood sugar levels and thyroid profiles were statistically analyzed using unpaired t-test. Results: The incidence of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism in diabetic patients was 20.2% and 1.71% respectively, while the incidence of type-1 diabetes mellitus and T2DM in thyroid dysfunction patients was 0.56% and 19.03% respectively. The mean fasting blood sugars and postprandial blood sugar levels, triiodothyronine, thyroxine and Thyroid stimulating hormone levels of hypothyroid patients with T2DM (