Clinical Evidence of Interaction between Nutraceutical Supplementation and Platinum-based Chemotherapy

Abstract

Platinum agents, which include cisplatin, oxaliplatin and carboplatin, are chemotherapeutic drugs which represent the first-line treatment for different types of solid tumors, such as ovarian, head and neck, testicular, and bladder cancers. Their beneficial effect is limited by the onset of drug resistance and by severe toxicities, involving mainly ototoxicity, neurotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Recent studies highlighted the supplementation of herbal products, vitamins and minerals with antioxidant properties to prevent and protect from side effects. In particular, the introduction of nutraceuticals associated with chemotherapy has improved the patients’ quality of life. However, if from one side, complementary and alternative medicine ameliorates chemotherapeutics-induced toxicities, from the other side it is important to take into consideration the possible interference with drug metabolism. This review aims to consider the current literature focusing on clinical trials that report association between nutraceutical supplementation and platinum-based chemotherapy to prevent toxicities, highlighting both beneficial and side effects.

Evaluation of Concomitant Use of Anticancer Drugs and Herbal Products: From Interactions to Synergic Activity

“…In addition, with the introduction of several herbal products in the databases of DDI checker programs, we have the opportunity to calculate the risk of DDIs between ACDs and natural products [ 95 , 96 , 97 , 103 ]. This allows reduced AEs, possibly caused by their interactions and, at the same time, identifies the potential benefits and synergic activity between ACDs and natural products [ 67 , 68 ]. Despite the absence of unequivocal causal relationships by now, a great amount of clinically relevant pharmacokinetic interactions have been detected throughout the years.…”

“…Silymarin, a bioactive compound found in Silybum marianum , at a daily dose of 160 to 600 mg has shown beneficial effects in patients with mucosal and liver damage due to radiation therapy. Lycopene as an adjuvant in therapy with cisplatin for the treatment of head and neck tumours has reduced the nephrotoxicity resulting from the use of platinum compounds [ 36 , 67 , 68 ]. The cardiotoxicity induced by doxorubicin, anthracyclines, and other ACDs is due to the imbalanced effects of energy metabolism [ 69 ].…”

Combining Copper and Zinc into a Biosensor for Anti-Chemoresistance and Achieving Osteosarcoma Therapeutic Efficacy

“…MBD is traditionally referred to as a PBD, which is the most commonly used therapy in the treatment of hard tumours [ 29 ]. Cisplatin, oxaliplatin, and carboplatin are the commercially available PBDs, which are effective chemotherapy approaches for anti-cancer drugs [ 4 ].…”

“…Chemoresistance in OS immunotherapy [ 28 ] is the main problem in MBD in general and PBD in particular [ 29 ]. This problem increases after long-term treatments due to its acquired and accumulated nature [ 30 , 31 ].…”

The Protective Effects of Nutraceutical Components in Methotrexate-Induced Toxicity Models—An Overview

“…These pitfalls of chemotherapeutic agents prompt the need for therapeutic strategies aimed at reducing the toxicity of cancer drugs. Plant-based therapies have been established as a protective measure in cancer therapy toxicity models [ 149 , 150 , 151 ].…”