Clinical Features and Management of Endobronchial Hamartoma

Abstract

Background: Endobronchial hamartoma(EH) is a benign endobronchial tumor with low incidence. The objective of this study was to explore the clinical features and management of patients with endobronchial hamartoma, improve the diagnosis and treatment.Methods: Retrospective study on the clinical data of 13 cases of endobronchial hamartoma confirmed by pathology in The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from July 2000 to October 2019.Results: The 13 patients, 11 males and 2 females, aged 48-74 years, mean(63±9)years, were diagnosed with EH. Three of the 13 patients with EH are asymptomatic, others had atypical symptoms. CT showed obstructive pneumonia in 10 of the 13 patients. Among the 13 patients, visible endobronchial tumor were present in 7 patients on CT, and only 3 cases were diagnosed with endobronchial tumor by radiologists. All cases received bronchoscopy. Seven patients were treated via flexible bronchoscopy, using electrocautery, argon plasma coagulation(APC) and cryotherapy. Six patients received pulmonary lobectomy via thoracotomy. Follow-up CT scan was performed in 7 of 13 patients(mean 47 months, range 17-69 months), which revealed no recurrence in all 7 patients.Conclusions: In clinical work, EH sometimes may be neglected in CT images. Bronchoscopy plays an important role in diagnosis. Pathological study is required to confirm the diagnosis. The management of endobronchial hamartoma should be individualized, bronchoscopic treatment is the first choice for EH. But in some instances, surgery should be considered.

Acturial Analysis with Risk Updating: Case Study of Insurance Premium Calculation for Mechanical Vehicles

“…Mathematical modeling is then employed, incorporating historical claims data, actuarial tables, and statistical techniques to quantify the relationship between the updated risk indicators and expected losses. Actuaries carefully calibrate these models to ensure accurate pricing [6]. Based on this analysis, premiums are calculated using established actuarial techniques, incorporating factors like coverage limits, deductibles, and claims processing expenses.…”