Clinical features and risk factors of plastic bronchitis caused by refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children: a practical nomogram prediction model

Abstract

Early assessment of refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (RMPP) with plastic bronchitis (PB) allows timely removal of casts using fiberoptic bronchoscopic manipulation, which relieves airway obstruction and limit sequelae development. This study aimed to analyze clinical data for risk factors and develop a nomogram for early predictive evaluation of RMPP with PB. The clinical data of 1-14 year-old patients with RMPP were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were classified into a PB or non-PB group. The general characteristics, clinical symptoms, laboratory test results, imaging findings, and microscopic changes of the two groups were compared. A statistical analysis of the risk factors for developing PB was performed, and a nomogram model of risk factors was constructed. Of 120 patients with RMPP included, 68 and 52 were in the non-PB and PB groups, respectively. Using multivariate logistic regression analysis, fever before bronchoscopy, extrapulmonary complications, pleural effusion, cough duration, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were identified as risk factors. A nomogram was constructed based on the results of the multivariate analysis. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve value of the nomogram was 0.944 (95% confidence interval: 0.779-0.962). The Hosmer-Lemeshow test displayed good calibration of the nomogram (p = 0.376, R2 = 0.723).Conclusion: The nomogram model constructed in this study based on five risk factors (persistent fever before bronchoscopy, extrapulmonary complications, pleural effusion, cough duration, and LDH levels) prior to bronchoscopy can be used for the early identification of RMPP-induced PB. What is Known:• Refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (RMPP) in children has been increasingly reported and recognized, which often leads to serious complications.• Plastic bronchitis (PB) is considered to be one of the causes of RMPP, and bronchoscopic treatment should be improved as soon as possible to remove plastic sputum thrombus in bronchus. What is New:• This study determined the risk factors for RMPP-induced PB.• The nomogram model constructed in this study prior to bronchoscopy can be used for the early identification of RMPP-induced PB, which facilitate the early bronchoscopic removal of casts, thereby promoting recovery and reducing cases with poor RMPP prognosis.

Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia-associated thromboembolism with plastic bronchitis: a series of five case reports and literature review

“…The remaining individuals achieved recovery. Yang L et al [ 10 ] PB 133 February 2019 to January 2020 and August 2021 to July 2022 6.70 ± 2.49 years old Male/Female ratio of 71:62 NA NA Clinical conditions improved Zhang H et al [ 11 ] PB 52 January 2015 to December 2019 5.69(range, 4.89–6.48) years old Male/Female ratio of 25/27 10.44 ± 2.94 Macrolide, Methylprednisolone Six cases progressed to bronchiolitis obliterans, while the remaining individuals achieved recovery. Zhang T et al [ 12 ] PB 3 March, 2016 1.9 years old Female 9 Cephalothin, Azithromycin, Methylprednisolone Recovery October, 2015 2.4 years old Female 8 Cephalothin, Azithromycin, Methylprednisolone, Gamma globulin Recovery April, 2016 4.3 years old Male 7 Cephalothin, Azithromycin, Methylprednisolone, Gamma globulin Recovery …”

Optimization strategy for the early timing of bronchoalveolar lavage treatment for children with severe mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia

“…We develop a nomogram model to predict SMPP in children and to evaluate using multiple aspects such as imaging, bronchoscopy, condition scoring, and inflammatory indicators. Zhang’s RMPP plastic bronchitis nomogram prediction model is mainly based on clinical manifestations such as fever, extrapulmonary complications, pleural effusion, cough duration, and lactate dehydrogenase [ 23 ]. Zhao et al mainly used laboratory indicators such as peak body temperature, neutrophil ratio, platelet count, interleukin-6, lactate dehydrogenase, and atelectasis [ 24 ].…”

Development of a Nomogram for Predicting Massive Necrotizing Pneumonia in Children

“…Therefore, LDH is also often used as a predictor of severe pneumonia. 18 , 19 A retrospective analysis of NP by Li et al 11 found that CRP is an independent predictor of the degree of lung necrosis. CRP > 48.35 mg/L had a high predictive value for the diagnosis of NP, according to Qian et al 7 Zhou et al 20 found that WBC and CRP in the NP group caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae were significantly higher than those in non-NP group.…”