Clinical features and surgical results of cardiac myxoma in Carney complex

Abstract

Background We sought to analyze clinical features and surgical results of 10 cases of cardiac myxomas in Carney complex (CNC). Methods Between January 2003 and December 2013, 10 patients with cardiac myxomas in CNC underwent surgical resection. Associated cardiac lesions included moderate and severe mitral regurgitation in two cases, and moderate tricuspid regurgitation in one case. Age, gender, the incidence of arterial embolism, the rate of multiple cardiac myxomas, and the recurrence rate after resections of cardiac myxoma were compared between isolated cardiac myxomas and cardiac myxomas in CNC. Results The incidence of cardiac myxoma in CNC was 1.74% (10/574). There were no deaths following surgery. There was one late death due to cerebral embolism 40 months following a reoperation (10%). A significant difference was found in the age, the incidence of arterial embolism, the rate of multiple cardiac myxomas, and the recurrence rate after resection of cardiac myxoma between cardiac myxoma in CNC and isolated cardiac myxoma (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in gender between cardiac myxoma in CNC and isolated cardiac myxoma (P > 0.05). Conclusions Complex myxomas in CNS present at an earlier age, are more prevalent in women than in men, are more often multicentric, with a higher rate of arterial embolism and a high recurrence rate after resection. Close follow‐up for cardiac myxoma in CNC after surgery is necessary due to the high recurrence rate.

The tumor microenvironment may trigger lymphoproliferation in cardiac myxoma

“…These tumors are histologically benign, slow-growing neoplasms of unclear histogenesis, but may be associated with heart failure and/or cardiac arrhythmias [6] , [7] , [8] – 9] . They are most commonly sporadic, but up to 10% are associated with the Carney complex with a familial inheritance pattern [10] , [11] , [12] – 13] . Viral histogenesis has recently been entertained in some studies [14 , 15] , but refuted by others [16] , [17] – 18] .…”

Rare Cardiac Myxoma with A Hard Texture: A Case Report

“…For benign primary cardiac tumors, surgical excision is the standard treatment. Particularly because of the risk of embolism and sudden death, immediate surgical excision is the preferred treatment for cardiac myxoma [8]. As mentioned above, our case is unique and has a low risk of embolism.…”

“…However, some cases result in recurrences. This is seen in 10%-21% of familial cases and 4%-7% of sporadic cases [8].…”

Non-Malignant Cardiac Tumors

“…The majority of myxomas are sporadic. Inherited forms are less common, seen in 7% of myxomas [9]. Initially reported by Carney in 1985, cardiac myxomas seen in association with pigmented skin lesions and endocrine tumors are collectively known as Carney complex, an autosomal dominant genetic disorder.…”

“…Familial myxomas tend to affect younger patients and have a higher prevalence among females. In addition, they are more often multicentric with higher rates of embolism and recurrence following resection [9].…”