Clinical Features of Comitant Strabismus Related to Family History of Strabismus or Abnormalities in Pregnancy and Delivery

Taira, Yuki

doi:10.1016/s0021-5155(02)00685-8

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…concomitant, or non-syndromic), while other research identifies low birth weight, prematurity, maternal smoking, paternal lead exposure, and abnormalities in pregnancy and delivery as strabismus risk factors (Bremer et al, 1998; Chew et al, 1994; Hakim, Stewart, Canner & Tielsch, 1991; Matsuo, Yamane & Ohtsuki, 2001; Ponsonby, Brown, Kearns, MacKinnon, Scotter, Cochrane & Mackey, 2007; Robaei, Kifley et al, 2006; Robaei, Rose et al, 2006; Taira, Matsuo, Yamane, Hasebe & Ohtsuki, 2003). To the extent that these factors are environmentally caused, a gene-environment interaction is required to account for both necessary genetic liability and environmental influence.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic and environmental contributions to strabismus and phoria: Evidence from twins

Wilmer

Backus

2009

Vision Research

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The causes of manifest (strabismus) and latent (phoria) misalignment of the visual axes are incompletely understood. We calculated genetic and environmental contributions to strabismus based upon a critical review and quantitative meta-analysis of previous strabismus twin studies (n=3418 twin-pairs) and calculated contributions to phoria based upon a new twin study (n=307 twin-pairs). Our results suggest that genetic liability is necessary to develop strabismus, whereas environmental factors are sufficient to cause most phorias. The different etiologies implied by this work suggest that strabismus and phoria should be carefully distinguished in epidemiological work.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic and environmental contributions to strabismus and phoria: Evidence from twins

Wilmer

Backus

2009

Vision Research

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“…Risk factors for the development of childhood strabismus include family history, hypermetropic refractive errors, racial origin, low birth weight, and maternal smoking in pregnancy. [68][69][70][71][72][73] Concomitant squint is also seen more commonly in children with neurodevelopmental disorders such as Trisomy 21, cerebral palsy, and hydrocephalus.…”

Section: Other Forms Of Incomitant Strabismusmentioning

confidence: 99%

The genetics of strabismus

Michaelides

Moore

2004

Journal of Medical Genetics

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“…Previous studies have identified that ethnicity, family history, genetic conditions, low birthweight and prematurity were risk factors for strabismus (Taira et al. ; Wilmer & Backus ; Torp‐Pedersen et al. b; Gulati et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have identified that ethnicity, family history, genetic conditions, low birthweight and prematurity were risk factors for strabismus (Taira et al 2003;Wilmer & Backus 2009;Torp-Pedersen et al 2010b;Gulati et al 2014;Bruce & Santorelli 2016). In recent decades, an increasing number of studies have been conducted to explore the relationship between smoking and eye-related diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal smoking during pregnancy and the risk of strabismus in offspring: a meta‐analysis

Yang

Wang

Gan

et al. 2018

Acta Ophthalmologica

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The effect of maternal smoking during pregnancy on strabismus in offspring remains unclear. We conducted a meta‐analysis to summarize epidemiological evidences on the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and the risk of offspring strabismus. Eligible studies were searched from the PubMed, Ovid, Embase and CNKI databases up to May 2018. The qualities of included articles were assessed with the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale and the assessment scale recommended by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Odds ratios (ORs) corresponding with its 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled to estimate the effects of maternal cigarette smoking on the risk of offspring strabismus. Subgroup analyses and meta‐regression were performed to explore the potential sources of heterogeneity. The Begg's test and Egger's test were used to assess the publication bias. Eleven articles involving 4,833 patients with strabismus were included. The pooled OR showed that maternal smoking during pregnancy was significantly associated with strabismus in offspring (OR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.32–1.60). Compared with less than 10 cigarettes per day (OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.06–1.29), maternal smoking 10 cigarettes or more per day during pregnancy significantly increased the risk of offspring strabismus (OR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.39–2.31). The risk of developing esotropia and exotropia for smoking pregnant women, respectively, increased by 65% (OR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.31–2.09 and OR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.24–2.19) than those who did not smoke during pregnancy. Additionally, the increased risk of maternity smoking associated with offspring strabismus was stable across all subgroup analyses. Overall, maternal smoking during pregnancy was associated with a significantly increased risk of offspring strabismus and the result was persistent in subgroup analyses, suggesting the importance in changing smoking habit or smoking cessation for women who are pregnant or preparing to.

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Clinical Features of Comitant Strabismus Related to Family History of Strabismus or Abnormalities in Pregnancy and Delivery

Abstract: Inferior oblique muscle overaction, dissociated vertical deviation, and latent nystagmus in infantile esotropia might have a genetic background.

Cited by 13 publications

References 11 publications

Genetic and environmental contributions to strabismus and phoria: Evidence from twins

Genetic and environmental contributions to strabismus and phoria: Evidence from twins

The genetics of strabismus

Maternal smoking during pregnancy and the risk of strabismus in offspring: a meta‐analysis

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