Clinical Findings and Results of Treatment in an Outbreak of Acute Hemorrhagic Conjunctivitis in Southern Florida

Sklar, Virgil E. F.; Patriarca, P. A.; Onorato, Ida M.; Langford, Marlyn P.; Clark, Spurgeon W.; Culbertson, William W.; Forster, Richard K.

doi:10.1016/0002-9394(83)90332-x

Cited by 36 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…It is often associated with multiple petechial hemorrhages of the upper palpebral and superior bulbar conjunctiva or widely extended SCH, especially localized to the temporal side 10,11…”

Section: What Are the Causes Of Subconjunctival Hemorrhage?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Subconjunctival hemorrhage: risk factors and potential indicators

Tarlan¹,

Kıratlı²

2013

OPTH

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Subconjunctival hemorrhage is a benign disorder that is a common cause of acute ocular redness. The major risk factors include trauma and contact lens usage in younger patients, whereas among the elderly, systemic vascular diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, and arteriosclerosis are more common. In patients in whom subconjunctival hemorrhage is recurrent or persistent, further evaluation, including workup for systemic hypertension, bleeding disorders, systemic and ocular malignancies, and drug side effects, is warranted.

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“…It is often associated with multiple petechial hemorrhages of the upper palpebral and superior bulbar conjunctiva or widely extended SCH, especially localized to the temporal side 10,11…”

Section: What Are the Causes Of Subconjunctival Hemorrhage?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Subconjunctival hemorrhage: risk factors and potential indicators

Tarlan¹,

Kıratlı²

2013

OPTH

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“…Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC) is a highly contagious infection, characterized by an abrupt onset of ocular pain, swelling of the eyelids, a foreign body sensation or irritation, epiphora, eye discharge and photophobia [1,2]. CA24v, EV70 and some additional adenovirus serotypes are the major etiological agents of AHC [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic and molecular characterization of coxsackievirus A24 variant isolates from a 2010 acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis outbreak in Guangdong, China

Zheng

et al. 2012

Virol J

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BackgroundAcute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis is a common disease in China. As a notifiable disease, cases are registered by ophthalmologists on the AHC surveillance system. An AHC outbreak caused by CA24v was observed in Guangdong Province in 2007 by the National Disease Supervision Information Management System. Three years later, a larger outbreak occurred in Guangdong during the August-October period (2010). To characterize the outbreak and compare the genetic diversity of CA24v, which was determined to be the cause of the outbreak, the epidemiology and the molecular characterization of CA24v were analyzed in this study.ResultsA total of 69,635 cases were reported in the outbreak. 73.5% of index cases originated from students, children in kindergarten and factory workers, with the ≦ 9 age group at the highest risk. The male to female ratio was 1.84:1 among 0-19 years. 56 conjunctival swabs were collected to identify the causative agent from five cities with the AHC outbreak. 30 virus strains were isolated, and two of the genomes had the highest identity values (95.8%) with CA24v genomes. Four CA24v genotypes were identified by phylogenetic analysis for the VP1 and 3C regions. CA24v which caused the outbreak belonged to genotype IV. Furthermore, full nucleotide sequences for four representative isolates in 2010 and 2007 were determined and compared. 20 aa mutations, two nt insertions and one nt deletion were observed in the open reading frame, with 5'- and 3'- UTR respectively between them.ConclusionsCA24v was determined to be the pathogen causing the outbreak and belongs to genotype IV. VP1 is more informative than 3CPro for describing molecular epidemiology and we hypothesize that accumulative mutations may have promoted the outbreak.

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“…Th e infection peaks in 2 to 3 d and resolves within 10 d without complication. 6 Acute paralysis similar to paralytic poliomyelitis is rare and sporadic, and occurs with other enterovirus serotypes, the most important of which is enterovirus 71, the only nonpolio serotype associated with outbreaks of paralytic disease. 1 Cardiac involvement during enterovirus infection typically occurs in the form of myopericarditis, as enteroviruses typically aff ect both the subepicardial myocardium in addition to the pericardium.…”

Section: Answer/discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

You’re the Flight Surgeon

2015

aerosp med hum perform

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Clinical Findings and Results of Treatment in an Outbreak of Acute Hemorrhagic Conjunctivitis in Southern Florida

Cited by 36 publications

References 15 publications

Subconjunctival hemorrhage: risk factors and potential indicators

Subconjunctival hemorrhage: risk factors and potential indicators

Phylogenetic and molecular characterization of coxsackievirus A24 variant isolates from a 2010 acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis outbreak in Guangdong, China

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