Clinical, haemato-biochemical and ultrasonographic diagnostic tools of different urinary tract affections in dogs

Abstract

Urinary tract affections are important clinical problems recorded in dogs affecting their health condition. The present study was carried out on 21 dogs of both sexes and different breeds having different urinary tract affections. The study aimed to evaluate clinical, hematological, biochemical, urinalysis, and ultrasonographic changes in dogs with different urinary tract affections. Acute renal failure, hydronephrosis, polycystic kidney disease, urolithiasis, and cystitis were diagnosed in 5,3,3,5,5 dogs, respectively. The most common clinical signs recorded in all affections were pollakiuria, hematuria, polyuria, dysuria, urine retention. Urinalysis showed the presence of proteinuria, blood in different affections of the urinary tract. There was decrease in RBCs count and Hemoglobin content above normal reference value in all urinary tract affections except in cystitis and there was increase in WBCs count above normal reference value in all different urinary tract affections. There was increase in urea and creatinine levels than normal reference value in all urinary tract affections except in cystitis. There were no changes in ALT, and AST levels in all affections except in acute renal failure were higher than normal reference value. Ultrasonographic examinations revealed structural abnormalities in all recorded urinary tract affections. The results of the present study revealed that clinical, hematological, biochemical, urinalysis, and ultrasonographic examinations are essential in dogs for accurate diagnosis of different urinary tract affections.

Ultrasonography of the Urinary Tract in Dogs and Cats : Clinical Investigations & Prevalence

“…The reported ultrasonographic findings of PKD showed multiple, thin-walled ovoid structures of different sizes with anechoic content in both kidneys. This was in agreement with that reported by Elgazzar et al (2021). In this study, renal abscess was recorded in only one case and appeared as a unilateral circumscribed hypoechoic structure in the renal cortex.…”

“…Chronic cystitis appeared ultrasonographically as a thick, corrugated UB wall with echogenic urine. Plain radiography and negative contrast cystography revealed a thick UB wall with distended UB that extended up to the level of 4 th lumber vertebrae, This results agrees with that reported by Torad et al, (2005) ; Warren-Smith and Lamb, (2012) and Elgazzar et al,( 2021). In hemorrhagic cystitis, echogenic and mobile structures which settle to the dependent portion without distal acoustic shadowing were detected.…”