ClinicalLeptospira interrogansserogroupAustralisserovarlorainfection in a stud farm in the Netherlands

Ingh, T. S. G. A. M. van den; Hartman, E.G.; Bercovich, Z.

doi:10.1080/01652176.1989.9694218

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Some authors suggest, therefore, that the horse may be a maintenance host for this serovar (van den Ingh et al, 1989;Barwick et al, 1998) and the finding of this study contributes to the growing body of evidence that serovar Bratislava may be adapted to horses. This is supported by the lower titres (100 -200) found in the majority of horses.…”

Section: Serovars Detectedmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…It was also detected in cattle in Kenya (Ball, 1966). Considering the capacity for horses to act as reservoir hosts for serovar Bratislava (van den Ingh et al, 1989), horses in East Africa may be acting as important reservoirs of serovar Bratislava and shedding the organism into the environment contaminating soil and water which becomes the source of infection to other susceptible animals and humans (Hamond et al, 2013). Concurrent findings of high seroprevalence of serovar Bratislava among humans and horses in East Africa suggest that perhaps, by monitoring seroconversion in horses, they may be used as sentinel animals to predict leptospirosis incidences in humans in the region.…”

Section: Serovars Detectedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Circulating serovars of Leptospira in cart horses of central and southern Ethiopia and associated risk factors

Tsegay

Potts

Aklilu

et al. 2016

Preventive Veterinary Medicine

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Little work has been done on diseases of horses in Ethiopia or tropical regions of the world.Yet, Ethiopia has the largest horse population in Africa and their horses play a pivotal role in their economy as traction animals. A serological and questionnaire survey was therefore conducted to determine the circulating serovars of Leptospira and their association with potential risk factors in the cart horse population of Central and Southern Ethiopia. A total of 184 out of 418 cart horses from 13 districts had antibody titres of 1:100 or greater to at least one of 16 serovars of Leptospira species in Central and Southern Ethiopian horses. A significantly higher seropositivity (62.1%) was noted in horses from the highland agroecology followed by midland (44.4%) and lowland (39.8%). Serovar Bratislava (34.5%) was the predominant serovar followed by serovars Djasiman (9.8%), Topaz (5.98%) and Pomona (5.3%). Age and location proved to be associated with seropositive horses with older horses being more commonly affected and the districts of Ziway (Batu) (Apparent Prevalence 2 (AP)=65.5%), Shashemene (AP=48.3%) and Sebeta (AP=41.4%) having the highest prevalence. Multivariable logistic regression found risk factors significantly associated with Leptospira seropositive horses were drinking river water (OR=2.8) and horses 7-12 years old (OR=5) and risk factors specifically associated with serovar Bratislava seropositive horses were drinking river water (OR= 2.5), horses ≥13 years (OR=3.5) and the presence of dogs in adjacent neighbouring properties (OR = 0.3). Dogs had a protective effect against seropositivity to serovars Bratislava and Djasiman, which may be due to their ability to control rodents. The high seroprevalence confirm that leptospirosis is endemic among horses of Central and Southern Ethiopia. The predominance of serovar Bratislava supports the idea that serovar Bratislava may be adapted to and maintained by the horse population of Central and Southern Ethiopia. This study emphasizes the need for further countrywide serological surveys and isolation of circulating leptospires in animals and humans in order to understand the role of horses in the epidemiology of this disease.

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Section: Serovars Detectedmentioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Serovars Detectedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating serovars of Leptospira in cart horses of central and southern Ethiopia and associated risk factors

Tsegay

Potts

Aklilu

et al. 2016

Preventive Veterinary Medicine

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Titers to several serovars have been reported in horses and, in general, serovars from the Icterohaemorrhagiae serogroup (as Copenhageni), besides Bratislava and Pomona, tend to be most prevalent (Langoni et al 2004). Leptospirosis in horses is frequently sub-clinical, the clinical cases being associated with abortion and recurrent uveitis, although sporadic cases of systemic disease have also been reported ( Van den Ingh et al 1989).Although hemorrhagic leptospirosis has been reported as the cause of death of 12 foals (Van den Ingh et al 1989), pulmonary aspects of the disease are poorly studied in horses. However, there have been widely reported in humans, and pulmonary involvement in leptospirosis varies from 20% to 70%, with hemoptysis in 3-25% of patients and chest pain in 10% (Pereira da Silva et al 2002) …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary hemorrhage in horses seropositive to leptospirosis

et al. 2011

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Pesq. Vet. Bras. 31(5): 413-415, maio 2011 RESUMO.-[Hemorragia pulmonar em cavalos soropositivos para leptospirose.] O objetivo foi estudar a ocorrência e severidade de hemorragia pulmonar (HP) em cavalos soropositivos ou não à leptospirose. Um total de 84 cavalos em treinamento foi testado para anticorpos antiLeptospira e submetidos à endoscopia das vias aéreas superiores de 30-60 minutos após exercício. Quarenta e nove (46,4%) animais foram soropositivos (títulos≥100) para o serovar Copenhageni. Dezessete cavalos (20,2%) apresentaram HP, significativamente mais observada em soropositivos (34,7%) do que em soronegativos (8,6%) (p<0,05) e também mais grave nos primeiros. Adicionalmente, um cavalo soropositivo tem 4,26 mais chances (OR) de apresentar PH do que um soronegativo. Quinze dias após o tratamento com antibiótico específico para leptospirose uma melhoria significativa no grau de hemorragia foi observada. Portanto, sugere-se que a leptospirose pode potencializar a severidade da HP e que o tratamento com antibióticos específicos recomendados para leptospirose pode ajudar a controlá-la. TERMOS DE INDEXAÇÃO: Leptospirose, cavalos, hemorragia pulmonar. INTRODUCTIONLeptospirosis is a widespread zoonotic disease caused by infection with spirochetes belonging to the genus Leptospira (Faine et al. 2000). It is largely reported in tropical countries (Langoni et al. 2004). Titers to several serovars have been reported in horses and, in general, serovars from the Icterohaemorrhagiae serogroup (as Copenhageni), besides Bratislava and Pomona, tend to be most prevalent (Langoni et al. 2004). Leptospirosis in horses is frequently sub-clinical, the clinical cases being associated with abortion and recurrent uveitis, although sporadic cases of systemic disease have also been reported ( Van den Ingh et al. 1989).Although hemorrhagic leptospirosis has been reported as the cause of death of 12 foals (Van den Ingh et al. 1989), pulmonary aspects of the disease are poorly studied in horses. However, there have been widely reported in humans, and pulmonary involvement in leptospirosis varies from 20% to 70%, with hemoptysis in 3-25% of patients and chest pain in 10% (Pereira da Silva et al. 2002)

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“…10,[15][16][17][18] Very few extensive studies concerning the prevalence of leptospirosis and the serovars of leptospira involved in equine populations have been done. In a study in Northern Ireland, leptospira infection was demonstrated in 24 of 50 aborted or stillborn equine fetuses and in 5 of 6 dead neonates.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Serovars of Leptospira Involved in Equine Abortions in Central Kentucky during the 1990 Foaling Season

et al. 1992

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Abstract.A study to determine the prevalence of leptospira-induced abortions in the central Kentucky equine population during the 1990 foaling season and to determine the leptospira serovars responsible was conducted. From July 1, 1989 through June 30, 1990, 32 (4.4%) of 726 submissions (fetuses, stillborn foals, and/or placentas) were diagnosed as leptospirosis by the fluorescent antibody test and/or microscopic agglutination test. Attempts were made to isolate leptospires from the fetal tissues and/or the dam's urine in 31 of these cases. Leptospira interrogans serovar kennewicki was isolated from 11 (35.5%) and serovar grippotyphosa from 2 (6.5%) of the 31 cases. Of 12 cases that were culture negative with serologically positive fetal fluids, 8 had titers against serovar pomona, 1 against bratislava, 1 against grippotyphosa, 1 against hardjo, and 1 against both bratislava and pomona.

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ClinicalLeptospira interrogansserogroupAustralisserovarlorainfection in a stud farm in the Netherlands

Cited by 19 publications

References 10 publications

Circulating serovars of Leptospira in cart horses of central and southern Ethiopia and associated risk factors

Circulating serovars of Leptospira in cart horses of central and southern Ethiopia and associated risk factors

Pulmonary hemorrhage in horses seropositive to leptospirosis

Prevalence and Serovars of Leptospira Involved in Equine Abortions in Central Kentucky during the 1990 Foaling Season

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