Clinical Images: Detection of titanium dioxide particles by Raman spectroscopy in synovial fluid from a swollen ankle

Niessink, Tom; Ringoot, Jasper; Janssen, Matthijs; Otto, Cees; Jansen, Tim

doi:10.1002/art.42078

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Titanium dioxide is not a byproduct of physiological processes, and the presence of these particles must be from foreign origin. Although patient 28 had a bilateral titanium alloy hip implant 5 years before his swollen ankle, [ 33 ] we could not establish such relationships with samples 19, 21, and 27.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Raman hyperspectral imaging detects novel and combinations of crystals in synovial fluids of patients with a swollen joint

Niessink

Kuipers

Jong

et al. 2022

J Raman Spectroscopy

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The identification of synovial crystals is important for diagnosing rheumatic diseases. Currently, rheumatologists worldwide use compensated polarized light microscopy (CPLM) for crystal identification, but this technique is flawed. Raman spectroscopy might offer an objective, accurate alternative. We have tested Raman hyperspectral imaging on synovial fluid samples of 28 patients with swollen joints, measuring 5–10 crystals in each of these. Reference spectra for identification were measured using patient material, synthetic compounds, and oxalate kidney stones. Additionally, RRUFF and PANGAEA Raman databases were used to identify spectra. We identified the classical pathological crystals monosodium urate for gout and calcium pyrophosphate for calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease (CPPD). Hydroxyapatite, lipid spherules, and calcium oxalate monohydrate have also been observed and had been previously identified in synovial fluids. Other crystals, which were not previously observed in synovial fluid using CPLM, have been identified as well: calcite, aragonite, anatase, rutile, thenardite, dolomite, and a carotenoid. In addition, we found combinations of crystals in 13 out of 28 patients. We propose that the observed large variation of detectable crystals from a small population of patients and a small number of crystals per patient has significant ramifications for the use of compensated polarized light microscopy for the diagnosis of gout and CPPD. Further studies are required to learn the clinical significance of these crystals in human arthritis.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Raman hyperspectral imaging detects novel and combinations of crystals in synovial fluids of patients with a swollen joint

Niessink

Kuipers

Jong

et al. 2022

J Raman Spectroscopy

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“…The five characteristic Raman peaks at 142.7, 195.4, 393.6, 513.9, and 636.8 cm −1 of TiO 2 were assigned as the E g (1), E g (2), B 1g , A 1g + B 1g and E g (3) modes of the anatase phase, respectively. [18] The E g (1) and B 1g modes corresponded to O-Ti-O bending vibrations (bond-angle variations), while the E g (3) and A 1g + B 1g modes corresponded to Ti─O stretching vibrations (bond-length variations). [19] Notably, the E g (1) and E g (3) modes exhibited sensitivity to oxygen deficiencies.…”

Section: Characterization Of Cds Tio 2-x and Cds@tio 2-xmentioning

confidence: 98%

Direct Z‐Scheme Xylan‐Based Carbon Dots@TiO_2‐x Nanocomposites for Visible Light Driven Photocatalytic of Dye Degradation and Antibacterial

Cong,

Cai,

et al. 2024

Adv Funct Materials

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TiO2 photocatalysis has gained attention as a cost‐effective way of degrading contaminants. However, it relies on UV excitation and experiences rapid carrier recombination. To address these drawbacks, novel xylan‐based carbon dots@hydrogenated TiO2 (CDs@TiO2‐x) composited by direct Z‐scheme heterojunction is fabricated as a visible light‐driven photocatalytic material, which broadens the range of light absorption to visible light and suppresses the recombination of photogenerated carriers. The spindle‐shaped CDs@TiO2‐x has C/N/O/S groups, positive charges, and oxygen vacancies on its surface, and can degrade 89% of methylene blue and 87% of methyl orange within 90 min, and 99% of rhodamine B within 60 min in visible light. It also eradicates 99.9% of E. coli in 2 h and 97.1% of S. aureus in 2.5 h. These performances surpass CDs and TiO2‐x, and exhibit advantages in similar composite materials. The degradation pathways of dyes and the specific antibacterial processes induced by ROS are thoroughly investigated through LC‐MS testing and related enzyme activity assays. DFT calculations study the role of oxygen vacancies, heterojunction mechanism, and catalytic sites. This study has developed a novel nanocomposite with applications in both dye degradation and sterilization, offering insights for multifunctional materials based on photocatalysis and heterojunction.

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“…Next to their presence in the brain stem [4], TiO 2 particles have also been identified in synovial fluid samples from patients with swollen joints, including in an ankle of a patient with a suspected gout flare [9,10]. Synovial fluid is a protein-rich viscous fluid present as a thin layer in joint spaces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prevalence of Titanium Dioxide Particles in Synovial Fluid Samples Drops after European Union Ban

Niessink,

Janssen,

Jansen

et al. 2024

GUCDD

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Due to health concerns, the European Union has banned the use of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in consumables in February 2022, with a 6-month transitional period ending in August 2022. We studied the prevalence of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in synovial fluid samples during and after the transitional period. A total of 302 samples were collected as a consecutive series between 1 April 2022 and 15 June 2023 from patients visiting the department of rheumatology at VieCuri Medical Centre in Venlo, The Netherlands. The samples were primarily collected for diagnostic purposes and only clinical waste material was used for this study. From each sample, up to 40 μl of fluid was analysed with Raman spectroscopy for the presence of titanium dioxide particles. The trend in prevalence was calculated with a 3-month wide moving average. A total of 13 out of 302 samples (4.3%) contained titanium dioxide (TiO2). The prevalence of TiO2 decreased between the transitional period and the period after the ban (p = 0.0154, with a relative risk ratio of 4.9 (95% CI 1.35–17.74). There was no significant difference in patient characteristics between the TiO2 positive and the TiO2 negative group. These results are hinting towards a possible relationship between the EU-ban and the identified decrease in prevalence.

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Clinical Images: Detection of titanium dioxide particles by Raman spectroscopy in synovial fluid from a swollen ankle

Cited by 8 publications

References 3 publications

Raman hyperspectral imaging detects novel and combinations of crystals in synovial fluids of patients with a swollen joint

Raman hyperspectral imaging detects novel and combinations of crystals in synovial fluids of patients with a swollen joint

Direct Z‐Scheme Xylan‐Based Carbon Dots@TiO_2‐x Nanocomposites for Visible Light Driven Photocatalytic of Dye Degradation and Antibacterial

The Prevalence of Titanium Dioxide Particles in Synovial Fluid Samples Drops after European Union Ban

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Clinical Images: Detection of titanium dioxide particles by Raman spectroscopy in synovial fluid from a swollen ankle

Cited by 8 publications

References 3 publications

Raman hyperspectral imaging detects novel and combinations of crystals in synovial fluids of patients with a swollen joint

Raman hyperspectral imaging detects novel and combinations of crystals in synovial fluids of patients with a swollen joint

Direct Z‐Scheme Xylan‐Based Carbon Dots@TiO2‐x Nanocomposites for Visible Light Driven Photocatalytic of Dye Degradation and Antibacterial

The Prevalence of Titanium Dioxide Particles in Synovial Fluid Samples Drops after European Union Ban

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Direct Z‐Scheme Xylan‐Based Carbon Dots@TiO_2‐x Nanocomposites for Visible Light Driven Photocatalytic of Dye Degradation and Antibacterial