Clinical, Immunological and Epidemiological Studies of Nasopharyngeal Myiasis in Camels slaughtered in Al-Muthanna Province

Al-Jindeel, Tareq Jaffer; Jasim, Hussein Jabar; Alsalih, Nawar Jasim; Al-Yasari, Ali Mosa Rashid

doi:10.17582/journal.aavs/2018/6.7.299.305

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In contrast, a high prevalence of C. titillator was 100% in western Sudan [12]. Egypt's North Sinai Governorate [37] reported a lower incidence rate (25%), while Iraq's [31] incidence rate was 40.07%. These variations may be attributable to differences in geographical regions, seasonal climatic conditions, and the immune status of animals [38,39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nasal myiasis is a severe disease caused by the obligate parasite C. titillator that negatively impacts the reproduction and production of camels. The clinical examination of live, infested camels revealed a variety of disease symptoms, including the previously observed respiratory impairment [ 29 – 31 ]. A few investigated cases exhibited nervous symptoms that could be misdiagnosed as neurological disorders, for example, “Shimbir,” rabies, and Coenurus cerebralis [ 32 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Seroprevalence of nasal myiasis in camels determined by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay utilizing the most diagnostic Cephalopina titillator larval antigens

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and Aim: Nasal myiasis is a serious parasitic disease among camels caused by Cephalopina titillator larvae that negatively affect animal health and production globally. The diagnosis of the infestation relies on postmortem examination of the head region, which considers a cause impeding treatment of live animals and may be misdiagnosed as central nervous system disorders. This study aimed to identify the most diagnostic larval antigen with the capacity for monitoring infestation. In Egypt, using C. titillator indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), a titillator was used to estimate the seroprevalence of nasal myiasis in camels. Materials and Methods: Three hundred and six male camels of Egyptian and Sudanese breeds, aged 2–5 years, were clinically evaluated for respiratory and/or nervous disorders in Cairo Governorate, Egypt. At the time of slaughter, blood samples were collected from all examined animals. The postmortem examination of 38 animals was conducted. Salivary glands, hemolymph, and somatic antigens were extracted from the second and third larval instars. Results: The results revealed that the salivary gland antigen was the most effective antigen for detecting C. titillator compared to hemolymph and crude somatic antigens, titillator-specific total immunoglobulin G antibodies are more prevalent. Using receiver-operating characteristic curves and area under the curve, the salivary gland antigen had a sensitivity of 91.67% and a specificity of 92.31%, respectively. It has the highest positive predictive value, 95.7%, and negative predictive value, 85.7%. However, using somatic and hemolymph antigens revealed a sensitivity of 79.17% and 70.83% and a specificity of 76.9% and 84.6%, respectively. There was complete concordance between ELISA results and autopsy findings (true positive). One hundred and forty out of 306 (45.8%) camel serum samples were found to contain C. titillator. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that salivary gland antigen is more effective than somatic and hemolymph antigens in accurately detecting nasal myiasis in camels. In addition, determining the seroprevalence of nasal myiasis with the salivary gland antigen through indirect ELISA revealed that it is a prevalent disease among camels in Egypt. Periodic surveillance of the C. titillator prevalence is necessary for effective management and control measures.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of nasal myiasis in camels determined by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay utilizing the most diagnostic Cephalopina titillator larval antigens

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Serodiagnosis of nasal myasis in camels (Camelus dromedaries) in Egypt using third larval instar affinity-purified glycoprotein

Aboelsoued,

Toaleb,

Mohamed

et al. 2024

Vet Res Commun

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The larvae of Cephalopina titillator cause nasopharyngeal myiasis in camels, which parasitize the living tissues of the nasal and paranasal sinuses, pharynx, and larynx. C. titillator infestation adversely affects camel health, meat, and milk production, and can even cause death. In our study, to improve the immunodiagnosis of camel nasal myiasis, a sensitive and specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed and evaluated using the Concanavalin-A (Con-A) affinity purification for the C. titillator-N-acetylglucosamine (Ct-GlucNAc) glycoprotein fraction from third larval instars as an antigen for detecting C. titillator antibodies. Crude antigens were prepared from larval instars of C. titillator and evaluated by indirect ELISA. The third C. titillator larval antigen (L3Ct) had the highest protein content (P < 0.001) and the best diagnostic value; chi-square = 235 (P < 0.001). Four glycoprotein fractions were purified separately from the L3Ct antigen by Con-A purification and evaluated. The Ct-GlucNAc glycoprotein fraction was the fraction of choice with the highest diagnostic accuracy (P < 0.05). Using Ct-GlucNAc as a coating antigen, indirect ELISA showed a 99.3% sensitivity for positive results in camel myiasis samples and 100% specificity for negative results in healthy camel samples. The diagnostic accuracy was 99.7%, and no cross reactivity was detected for other parasitic diseases. The indirect ELISA results were confirmed by the western immunoblotting which was characterized by comparing sera from naturally infested dromedary camels with C. titillator, sera from healthy camels and sera from camels with other parasitic infections (Echinococcus granulosus, Fasciola gigantica, Hard ticks; Hyalomma dromedarii, Trichostronglid sp., Eimeria spp., and Cryptosporidium sp.). Immunoreactive antigenic bands of 63, 50, 30 and 18 kDa were predominantly detected in sera from camels with nasopharyngeal myiasis and didn’t react with healthy and camel’s sera from other parasitic infections. However, seven immunoreactive bands appeared at 120, 70, 63, 48, 35, 29, and 19 kDa in the crude L3Ct antigen. In addition, a positive rate of C. titillator immunodiagnosis was detected by indirect ELISA (48.6%, chi-square = 483, P < 0.001), which was significantly greater than that of postmortem diagnosis (31%). In conclusion, the current study introduces a new diagnostic immunoaffinity glycoprotein fraction of C. titillator 3rd larval instar-based ELISA as a highly accurate, simple and fast method to detect specific antibodies of nasal myiasis in camels.

show abstract

Advanced immunological studies on Cephalopina titillator with special references to the epidemiological uses of Dot-ELISA in camel sera

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Clinical, Immunological and Epidemiological Studies of Nasopharyngeal Myiasis in Camels slaughtered in Al-Muthanna Province

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Seroprevalence of nasal myiasis in camels determined by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay utilizing the most diagnostic Cephalopina titillator larval antigens

Seroprevalence of nasal myiasis in camels determined by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay utilizing the most diagnostic Cephalopina titillator larval antigens

Serodiagnosis of nasal myasis in camels (Camelus dromedaries) in Egypt using third larval instar affinity-purified glycoprotein

Advanced immunological studies on Cephalopina titillator with special references to the epidemiological uses of Dot-ELISA in camel sera

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About