Clinical implementation and scientific development of photodynamic therapy in Russia in 2010-2020

Abstract

In recent years, the development of methods of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photodynamic photodiagnostics (PD) in Russia is characterized by an intensive rise, steadily growing interest of specialists from various medical specialties in the method of specialists from various medical specialties, an increase in the level of equipment number of hospitals with the necessary equipment for performing PD and PDT, the and the emergence of new photosensitizers on the pharmaceutical market, and an increasing increase in the level of patients’ confidence in these methods. This study analyzes the dynamics of the development of the clinical application and scientific developments of PD and PDT over the past decade in Russia in terms of the volume of public procurement of photosensitizers, as well as the activity of research work in the field of PD and PDT, the number of candidate and doctoral dissertations theses on this topic and the number of scientific publications in the RSCI. 688 contracts for the supply of photosensitizers for clinical use were analyzed. The analysis showed a stable annual growth in the volume of public procurement of photosensitizers, an increase in the number of subjects of the Russian Federation and clinical centers that purchase photosensitizers through the portal www.zakupki.gov.ru. From 2014 to 2020, the total volume of public procurement of all photosensitizers increased by 8 times (from 36.42 million rubles (3.58 thousand packages) to 307.37 million rubles (18.99 thousand packages)). The annual increase in the volume of public procurement in numerical terms over the previous 6 years ranged from 9.4% to 63.2% in different years. The main share of state purchases of photosensitizers falls on Moscow and St. Petersburg, h. However, in recent years there has been a noticeable trend towards an increase in sales of photosensitizers in the regions. Thus, in recent years, the share of purchases of photosensitizers in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation with a population of less than 1 million people has significantly increased (from 2.9% of the total number of purchases in 2014 to 25.3% in 2020). Also, in recent years, there has been a significant increase in the activity of research work activity in the field of PD and PDT. The number of defended candidate and doctoral dissertations theses defended in the field of PD and PDT photodynamic therapy and fluorescent diagnostics has been steadily high in recent years and, in some scientific specialties, reaches 2-3% of the total number of defended dissertations theses defended in these specialties. The increase in the total number of publications over 10 years according to the RSCI was 224% (from 218 publications in 2014 to 489 publications in 2019), according to the RSCI. The results obtained confirm the growing demand for photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy and fluorescence diagnostics in clinical practice, the expansion of the geography of the use of methods, as well and the stable interest in this topic in the research environment.

Thiocarbonyl Derivatives of Natural Chlorins: Synthesis Using Lawesson’s Reagent and a Study of Their Properties

“…Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a relatively new and promising method for the treatment of malignant tumors. Despite the achievements in cancer treatment by standard methods (surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy), certain problems, such as resistance of tumor cells, metastasis, and, as a consequence, recurrence of the disease, have not been solved yet [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. PDT is advantageous over traditional treatment methods because it is localized (the cytotoxic effect develops in the irradiated area only), making it possible to overcome multiple drug resistance (MDR) of tumor cells, activate the body’s immune response, and prevent surgical risks and severe systemic complications, and the cost of treatment is low [ 5 , 6 , 7 ].…”

Advantages of Long-Wavelength Photosensitizer meso-Tetra(3-pyridyl) Bacteriochlorin in the Therapy of Bulky Tumors

“…Light absorption of biological tissues in this window is minimal, thus allowing deeper light penetration through the tissue, and, as a result, higher therapeutic effectiveness. There is an increasing interest in bacteriochlorin-based photosensitizers as fluorescent probes and medicines for diagnostics and treatment, because their NIR fluorescence and efficient singlet oxygen generation properties are advantageous both for imaging and photodynamic therapy [4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. The most important characteristics of these PSs are their rapid clearance from circulation and their minimum skin-phototoxicity induced by visible light.…”

N-Heterocyclic Carbenes and Their Metal Complexes Based on Histidine and Histamine Derivatives of Bacteriopurpurinimide for the Combined Chemo- and Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer

“…By the end of the study, complete regression was observed in 88.9% of rats, and inhibition of tumor growth was found in 99.9% of the animals. Based on the results of that study, the authors concluded that the combination of photodynamic therapy with cisplatin chemotherapy was a more efficient treatment method compared with each therapy alone [ 2 ].…”