Clinical Implications of Exosomes: Targeted Drug Delivery for Cancer Treatment

Massey, Andrew E.; Malik, Shabnam; Sikander, Mohammad; Doxtater, Kyle; Tripathi, Manish K.; Khan, Sheema; Yallapu, Murali M.; Jaggi, Meena; Chauhan, Subhash C.; Hafeez, Bilal Bin

doi:10.3390/ijms22105278

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 135 publications

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“…Genetic materials, lipids, and proteins are contained inside the exosomes. Because of their biomimetic features and targeting capabilities, exosomes can be used as nanocarriers for drug delivery [ 166 ]. Xia et al [ 167 ] designed an exosome-guided cell technique with miRNA-125b transfection to elicit cutaneous wound healing.…”

Section: Approaches For Improving Mirna Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Inflammatory microRNAs for Treating Inflammatory Skin Diseases

et al. 2022

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Skin inflammation occurs due to immune dysregulation because of internal disorders, infections, and allergic reactions. The inflammation of the skin is a major sign of chronic autoimmune inflammatory diseases, such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis (AD), and lupus erythematosus. Although there are many therapies for treating these cutaneous inflammation diseases, their recurrence rates are high due to incomplete resolution. MicroRNA (miRNA) plays a critical role in skin inflammation by regulating the expression of protein-coding genes at the posttranscriptional level during pathogenesis and homeostasis maintenance. Some miRNAs possess anti-inflammatory features, which are beneficial for mitigating the inflammatory response. miRNAs that are reduced in inflammatory skin diseases can be supplied transiently using miRNA mimics and agomir. miRNA-based therapies that can target multiple genes in a given pathway are potential candidates for the treatment of skin inflammation. This review article offers an overview of the function of miRNA in skin inflammation regulation, with a focus on psoriasis, AD, and cutaneous wounds. Some bioactive molecules can target and modulate miRNAs to achieve the objective of inflammation suppression. This review also reports the anti-inflammatory efficacy of these molecules through modulating miRNA expression. The main limitations of miRNA-based therapies are rapid biodegradation and poor skin and cell penetration. Consideration was given to improving these drawbacks using the approaches of cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), nanocarriers, exosomes, and low-frequency ultrasound. A formulation design for successful miRNA delivery into skin and target cells is also described in this review. The possible use of miRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic modalities could open a novel opportunity for the diagnosis and treatment of inflammation-associated skin diseases.

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Section: Approaches For Improving Mirna Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Inflammatory microRNAs for Treating Inflammatory Skin Diseases

et al. 2022

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“…However, the results of the Manufacturer’s kit are easily affected by the laboratory environment and extractive technique. Ultracentrifugation has low yields, which can even damage exosomes due to the centrifugal forces applied to the vesicles ( Massey et al, 2021 ). Other isolation methods, such as ultrafiltration, microfluidics-based isolation, and immunoaffinity capture, may obtain higher quality results.…”

Section: Interplay Between Exosomes and Tcm Syndromesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides, co-incubation was the most common strategy for cargos incorporated into exosomes and cargos-containing exosomes’ cellular uptake by recipient cells ( Table 3 ). Although co-incubation is perhaps the simplest method to incorporate therapeutic agents into exosomes or target recipient cells, it is affected by multiple factors, such as temperature and humidity ( Massey et al, 2021 ). Electroporation, sonication, freeze-thaw cycling, and chemical transfection are also methods for therapeutic loading in exosomes.…”

Section: Interplay Between Exosomes and Tcm Syndromesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomes: A novel insight into traditional Chinese medicine

Zhao

Liang

et al. 2022

Front. Pharmacol.

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Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles and play an essential role in the mediation of intercellular communication both in health and disease. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has historically been used to maintain human health and treat various diseases up till today. The interplay between exosomes and TCM has attracted researchers’ growing attention. By integrating the available evidence, TCM formulas and compounds isolated from TCM as exosome modulators have beneficial effects on multiple disorders, such as tumors, kidney diseases, and hepatic disease, which may associate with inhibiting cells proliferation, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, and attenuating fibrosis. Exosomes, a natural delivery system, are essential in delivering compounds isolated from TCM to target cells or tissues. Moreover, exosomes may be the potential biomarkers for TCM syndromes, providing strategies for TCM treatment. These findings may provide a novel insight into TCM from exosomes and serve as evidence for better understanding and development of TCM.

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“…As intercellular transport vesicles, exosomes have remarkable properties, including not stimulating the immune system, avoiding degradation, carrying endogenous bioactive molecules, long persistence, and crossing multiple biological barriers [ 51 , 52 ]. Small molecule drugs, including functional nucleic acid nanoparticles, may be incorporated into and carried by exosomes [ 53 , 54 ]. Exosomes have a high degree of biological stability and can stably exist in the blood for an extended time [ 55 ].…”

Section: Exosome Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomes as Crucial Players in Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Fei

Liu

Peng

et al. 2022

Journal of Immunology Research

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Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease that affects multiple systems. Its clinical manifestation varies across patients, from skin mucosa to multiorgan damage to severe central nervous system involvement. The exosome has been shown to play an important role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, including SLE. We review the recent knowledge of exosomes, including their biology, functions, mechanism, and standardized extraction and purification methods in SLE, to highlight potential therapeutic targets for SLE.

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Clinical Implications of Exosomes: Targeted Drug Delivery for Cancer Treatment

Cited by 21 publications

References 135 publications

Anti-Inflammatory microRNAs for Treating Inflammatory Skin Diseases

Anti-Inflammatory microRNAs for Treating Inflammatory Skin Diseases

Exosomes: A novel insight into traditional Chinese medicine

Exosomes as Crucial Players in Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

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