Clinical implications of Landing Error Scoring System calculation methods

Hanzlíková, Ivana; Athens, Josie; Hébert‐Losier, Kim

doi:10.1016/j.ptsp.2020.04.035

Cited by 10 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The bipodalic tests, for example, the vertical drop jump, have been investigated more from a qualitative point of view, and both frontal and sagittal plane biomechanical indices have been developed. 9,18,23 Although such indices showed potential validity in discriminating patients with ACL reconstructions and controls, they are not applicable to the single-leg landings. Moreover, ACL injury mechanisms mainly occur in single support, 5,17 thus corroborating the need for qualitative assessment of such movements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Distance: A Simple Qualitative Assessment of the Single-Leg Hop Test in Return-to-Play Testing

Paolo

Zaffagnini

Tosarelli³

et al. 2022

Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach

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Background: Limb symmetry index in the single-leg hop (SLH) test has been questioned for its low predictive value in identifying secondary anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. The purpose of this study was to describe a qualitative 2-dimensional (2D) scoring system for the assessment of the SLH test and associate it with the vertical ground-reaction forces (vGRF) and sagittal plane biomechanics evaluated through gold standard 3D motion analysis. Hypothesis: Stiff landings would be associated with low 2D scores. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Methods: Thirty-four competitive football (soccer) players (age 22.8 ± 4.1 years, 16 women) were enrolled. Each athlete performed a series of SLH tests. Three-dimensional motion analysis was recorded using 10 stereophotogrammetric cameras, a force platform, and 3 high-speed cameras. The 2D qualitative assessment was performed through a scoring system based on the video-analysis of sagittal plane joint kinematics. A score of 0/2 (inadequate), 1/2 (partially adequate), or 2/2 (adequate) was attributed to the movement, based on objective measurements. The vGRF was extracted from the force platform and grouped according to the results of the 2D evaluation. Results: Significantly higher vGRF (stiffer landing) was found for athletes obtaining a 0/2 score compared with those obtaining a 2/2 score (up to 0.8 body weight higher, P < 0.01). A significant negative rank correlation was found between the vGRF and the total score (ρ = −0.17, P = 0.03). Conclusion: The qualitative scoring system effectively identified stiff landings in the SLH for distance test. Clinical Relevance: The qualitative scoring system could be a user-friendly standardized method to assess athletes’ movement quality in return to sport clearance decision after ACL injury.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Distance: A Simple Qualitative Assessment of the Single-Leg Hop Test in Return-to-Play Testing

Paolo

Zaffagnini

Tosarelli³

et al. 2022

Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach

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“…Therefore, further study is needed to apply LEAP to athletes and to investigate dynamic tasks that may provide additional valuable information about knee joints in relation to functional tasks for determining RTP after ACLR. Lastly, although several previous studies have scored LESS using Kinovea software [52,53], care must be taken while interpreting the results, as Kinovea is a 2D assessment tool. Nevertheless, we expect that this study may provide useful information to both clinicians and patients by examining elements of various dimensions of the knee joint.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of the Strongest Factor and Component in a Relationship between Lower-Extremity Assessment Protocol and Patient-Oriented Outcomes in Individuals with Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Pilot Study

Jeon

Kim

Kang

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Although the Lower-Extremity Assessment Protocol (LEAP) assesses multidimensional aspects of a patient with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, there is a need to reduce the dimensionality of LEAP items to effectively assess patients. Therefore, the present study aimed to establish the validity of LEAP and to determine associated factors and components in a relationship between LEAP and the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) questionnaire. Fifteen patients who had ACL reconstruction more than 1 year and less than 5 years earlier were recruited. Patients performed LEAP, including muscular strength, fatigue index, static balance, drop landing, and functional hopping assessment. They also completed the IKDC questionnaire and the Tegner Activity Score. Factor analysis and stepwise regression analysis were performed. The 14 components of LEAP were categorized into four factors (functional task, muscle strength, neuromuscular control, and fatigue), which accounted for 83.8% of the cumulative variance by factor analysis. In the stepwise regression analysis, the functional task (R2 = 0.43, p = 0.008) in factors and single-leg hop (R2 = 0.49, p = 0.004) in components were associated with patient-oriented outcomes, respectively. In conclusion, the functional task and single-leg hop may be used for providing valuable information about knee joints to patients and clinicians.

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“…The players performed four jump trials (one practice and three measured trials). The average value calculated from the three trials was used in the subsequent analysis [42]. The players were instructed to jump as high as possible off one leg (preferred) following a 2-step run-up, replicating heading a soccer ball to increase the ecological validity of the test [45], and to land on two feet.…”

Section: Landing Error Score Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The "Landing Error Scoring System" (LESS) is a comprehensive, valid and reliable approach to clinical assessment of jump-landing biomechanics, and was developed by Padua et al [17]. By means of this tool, jump-landing quality is assessed by analyzing the records of landing in the sagittal and frontal planes during the jump-landing screening task [16,42]. A study on elite youth soccer players [16] showed that the LESS could be used as a potential screening tool to determine ACL injury risk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-Related Changes in Landing Mechanics in Elite Male Youth Soccer Players: A Longitudinal Study

et al. 2022

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The aim of this longitudinal observational study was to examine the age differences in jump landing kinematics in 13–17-year-old male soccer players. Landing technique was evaluated in three consecutive seasons in U14 (n = 15) and the U16 (n = 10) competition age groups using the Landing Error Scoring System (LESS). For the LESS, ANOVA revealed no significant interaction effect (p = 0.81, η2 = 0.009) or main effect for groups (p = 0.15, η2 = 0.086), but a significant year effect was observed (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.265). The LESS score in the U14 group decreased significantly in the second year (5.7 ± 1.9, p = 0.006, d = 0.84) and in the third year (5.9 ± 2.0, p = 0.020, d = 0.70) compared to the first year (7.1 ± 1.7). The LESS score in the U16 group decreased significantly in the second year (5.1 ± 0.9 points, p = 0.034, d = 0.77) and in the third year (4.9 ± 1.4, p = 0.013, d = 0.92) compared to the first year (6.4 ± 1.2). This trend was supported by the results of the separate assessment of the sagittal plane joint displacement. These findings support previous limited findings from cross-sectional studies, which point to improved landing mechanics during maturation. However, the LESS scores in both groups indicate that players who were around and/or post-peak height velocity during the observed periods may be considered “at-risk”, and suggest that preventive training programs should be introduced at earlier stages of players’ development.

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Clinical implications of Landing Error Scoring System calculation methods

Cited by 10 publications

References 28 publications

Beyond Distance: A Simple Qualitative Assessment of the Single-Leg Hop Test in Return-to-Play Testing

Beyond Distance: A Simple Qualitative Assessment of the Single-Leg Hop Test in Return-to-Play Testing

Determination of the Strongest Factor and Component in a Relationship between Lower-Extremity Assessment Protocol and Patient-Oriented Outcomes in Individuals with Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Pilot Study

Age-Related Changes in Landing Mechanics in Elite Male Youth Soccer Players: A Longitudinal Study

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