CLINICAL INFERENCE IN NURSING Analyzing Cognitive Tasks Representative of Nursing Problems

Hammond, Kenneth R.; Kelly, Katherine; Schneider, Robert J.; Vancini, Margaret

doi:10.1097/00006199-196601520-00006

Cited by 44 publications

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“…A number of studies have given evidence that nurses' capability in clinical decision making is often sub-optimal and related to experience in the domain of the decision problem, the complexity of the task and to limited information processing capacity, as discussed in the previous section (2,16,17,25,26,27). Hammond et al (26) demonstrated that nurses did not consciously discriminate between the usefulness of various cues, cues were not necessarily related to the judgments made, and nurses used ineffective data collection strategies.…”

Section: Characteristics Of the Decision Makermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hammond et al (26) demonstrated that nurses did not consciously discriminate between the usefulness of various cues, cues were not necessarily related to the judgments made, and nurses used ineffective data collection strategies. The nurse may lack the specific knowledge to arrive at the correct decision.…”

Section: Characteristics Of the Decision Makermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In four studies the authors systematically varied task variables and investigated their influence on clinical care decisions. These studies reported that task complexity was a determinant for performance in clinical decision making (2,16,23,26). Cianfriani found that more errors were made in identifying the correct health problem with an increased amount of data.…”

Section: Task Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the earlier mentioned study by Henry (23) fewer patients were cured in a computer-based simulation with the more complex of two conditions of dysrythmia. Nurses needed more time for care planning in cases of increased complexity (26). One study, in a critical care area investigated the influence of environmental factors on clinical judgment, concluding that nurses' decisions are influenced by stress and activity level (29).…”

Section: Task Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical Decision Making in Nursing

Ruland¹

1996

Nordic Journal of Nursing Research

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ABSTRAC~The ability to make adequate cli.iiical decisions is a prerequisite for the delivery of safe and appropriate nursing care. A?, understanding of the processe3 involved in clinical care decision3 is necessary to teach nurses effec rive ways of decision making and to develop tools for decision support. This paper analyzes three major theories which have guided research in clinical decisioi! inaking: (a) irzforination processing theory, (b) decision theory 01 decision analysis, and ( c ) Beitner 's rnodel of clinical expertise based on the Dreyfirs theory oj skill acquisition. Characteristic3 of clinical decision rnakiiig are clariJied; it is exainined how infe. reiices between patient data, patient problems, nursing interventi. oils, and patient outcoines are described in theories of clinical decision ttiakiiig; research in thb area is critically analyzed; a i i~ the state of knowledge is sunimarized with suggestions for future research. KEY WORDS. clinical decision making, infor. ination processing theory, deci. 4 sioii theory, clinical expertise.

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Section: Characteristics Of the Decision Makermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Characteristics Of the Decision Makermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Task Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Task Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical Decision Making in Nursing

Ruland¹

1996

Nordic Journal of Nursing Research

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“…The work of the Hammond group taken in its entirety (Hammond, 1966;Hammond, Kelly, Castellan, Schneider, & Vancini, 1966;Hammond, Kelly, Schneider & Vancini, 1966a, 1966b, 1967Kelly, 1964Kelly, , 1966 (1 980), defines collaboration as a partnership where involved parties have both "separate and combined spheres of activity and responsibility" (p. 7). The simple dictionary definition supports this duality (Bosley, 1981).…”

Section: Pagementioning

confidence: 99%

Nursing Diagnosis in Perspective: Response to a Critique

Kritek

1985

Image: the Journal of Nursing Scholarship

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Summary As noted above, I have attempted to respond to Shamansky and Yanni's critique of nursing diagnosis. This has included an identification of some critical assumptions that underlie their work, the contexting of their arguments in the history of scientific discovery, and a listing of various misconceptions and distortions concerning nursing diagnosis. I have concluded that the authors' basic premise was a desire to eliminate rather than ameliorate nursing diagnosis. The authors had an unstated preconception of a preferred model of conceptualizing nursing, which they did not directly state as their preconception. They systematically listed real inadequacies of nursing diagnosis efforts as an argument for abandonment. They reflected limited understanding of or information about the nursing diagnosis literature. They tended occasionally to overstate their case. I believe that my dissatisfactions with nursing diagnosis efforts are more informed, more complex, and more numerous than theirs including such quandaries as taxonomic principles and research units of analysis. However, my responses to these problems are proactive rather than reactive, committed to amelioration rather than elimination. While I feel that the authors have provided a salutory service in delineating their concerns, I look forward to other critical reviews that might provide the intuitive insights to address the next steps in the evolutionary development of nursing diagnosis.

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Activating clinical inferences: A component of diagnostic reasoning in nursing

Westfall

Tanner

Putzier

et al. 1986

Research in Nursing & Health

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In this exploratory study, nursing inferences were examined within a framework of information processing theory. Verbal responses to a patient simulation by 28 nursing students and 15 practicing nurses were used as data. Six different categories of inferences were identified. Inferences most frequently activated across educational levels were those about immediate situational concerns. Practicing nurses activated significantly more complex inferences than the student groups. In each group, the majority of inferences were activated during the first half of the encounter. These results of this preliminary analysis support the proposition that inference activation is an important component of the diagnostic reasoning process used by both nurses and nursing students.

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CLINICAL INFERENCE IN NURSING Analyzing Cognitive Tasks Representative of Nursing Problems

Cited by 44 publications

References 0 publications

Clinical Decision Making in Nursing

Clinical Decision Making in Nursing

Nursing Diagnosis in Perspective: Response to a Critique

Activating clinical inferences: A component of diagnostic reasoning in nursing

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