Clinical management of Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia

Thwaites, Guy; Edgeworth, Jonathan D; Gkrania‐Klotsas, Effrossyni; Kirby, Andrew; Tilley, Robert; Török, M. Estée; Walker, Sarah; Wertheim, Heiman; Wilson, Peter; Llewelyn, Martin J.

doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(10)70285-1

Cited by 244 publications

(221 citation statements)

References 148 publications

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“…These risk factors include intravenous drug use, skin lesions or cellulitis, surgical site infection, malignancy, immunosuppression, age, haemodialysis, diabetes mellitus, alcohol excess, congestive cardiac failure, neutropenia, prosthetic material, HIV and intravascular devices. The presence of one or more comorbidities is also associated with higher mortality in patients with SAB [1,2,6,12,13]. In our study we identified similar risk factors for SAB such as ulcers/skin lesions, cellulitis, diabetes mellitus, indwelling lines, malignancy, renal impairment and liver disease.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia (SAB) is one of the most common serious bacterial infections worldwide with a mortality of 20-30% and a significant morbidity [1][2][3]. In 2014, in the UK alone, there were 9,100 cases of SAB reported in Public Health England's voluntary surveillance database, [4] care, and administering appropriate antibiotics for a sufficient length of time [1][2][3]5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2014, in the UK alone, there were 9,100 cases of SAB reported in Public Health England's voluntary surveillance database, [4] care, and administering appropriate antibiotics for a sufficient length of time [1][2][3]5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Audit of Staphylococcus aureus Bacteraemia Treatment in a UK District General Hospital

Scarsbrook¹,

Raja²,

Hardman³

et al. 2017

Journal of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

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Objective: Recent guidelines from Healthcare Improvement Scotland recommend that uncomplicated Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia (SAB) be treated with effective antibiotics for at least 14 days. This audit aimed to see whether Medway Hospital, UK, was following these guidelines, and whether a simple intervention could improve compliance and therefore treatment.Method: All patients with SAB between April 2013 and September 2014 were identified and their clinical notes, laboratory findings and drug charts were reviewed. Starting in January 2014 all SAB were reported on the online pathology results system with the following advice; 'Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia warrants a minimum of 14 days treatment. Treatment may be longer in cases of deep seated infection.' Outcome measures included 14 days antimicrobial treatment readmission rate with SAB, 3 month mortality post treatment and whether echocardiography was performed. Results:The demographics of all patients (35 pre and 39 post intervention) were comparable between groups (average age 63 vs 56, 54.3% vs 69.2% male) although the sources of bacteraemia differed slightly. More patients had indwelling lines in 2013 and there were a higher proportion of IV drug users in 2014; all other risk factors were similar between groups. More patients received appropriate antibiotics post intervention (74% vs 49%). Three month mortality with community acquired SAB increased but mortality with hospital acquired SAB decreased post intervention. Echocardiography uptake improved, and readmission rates with SAB decreased. Conclusion:The introduction of guidance with blood culture results has demonstrated better compliance with a 14 day minimum treatment length for SAB. Although sample size limits obtaining a statistically significant difference in readmission and mortality rates, this intervention still has the potential to improve treatment of SAB in aiding clinicians to follow guidelines. J Microbiol Infect Dis 2017; 7(4):188-193

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

An Audit of Staphylococcus aureus Bacteraemia Treatment in a UK District General Hospital

Scarsbrook¹,

Raja²,

Hardman³

et al. 2017

Journal of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

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“…aureus has long been recognized as a virulent pathogen able to cause bacteremia strongly associated with higher mortality compared to other bacterial blood stream infections [3]. The habitats of Staphylococcus are the nasal membranes and skin of warm-blooded animals, and they may cause a wide range of infections, such as skin infections, food poisoning, pneumonia, sepsis, osteomyelitis, and infectious endocarditis [4].…”

Section: Staphylococcus Aureus Spreadmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus with a focus on developing countries

Chessa

Ganau

Mazzarello

2015

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Most nosocomial infections by Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus have gained considerable attention due to an increase of infections caused by these strains that have been reported in recent years throughout the world. Most notably, it is important to underline the presence of S. epidermidis and S. aureus in the human epithelia microflora and to highlight that it is impossible to eradicate them from humans. There are various virulence factors that normally sustain the infection life cycle, such as antibiotic resistance (methicillin resistance). Furthermore, it is important to evaluate the usefulness of typing the spa gene from isolated strains in order to study genotypes and geographical distributions. In the present review, different cases related to patients infected by Staphylococci and an overview of this problem worldwide are reported.

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“…While AMR is a very real threat to the prospects of treating infections, as McKay and Bamford confirm, good ol' cloxacillin (a far superior drug to vancomycin in the treatment of S. aureus [9] ) is still a perfectly suitable option in the right patient. Similarly, with a <5% ESBL rate for Enterobacteriaceae associated with communityacquired BSIs, the third and fourthgeneration cephalosporins still have an important role to play.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Key to antimicrobial stewardship success: Surveillance by diagnostic microbiology laboratories

Lowman

2015

S Afr Med J

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Clinical management of Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia

Cited by 244 publications

References 148 publications

An Audit of Staphylococcus aureus Bacteraemia Treatment in a UK District General Hospital

An Audit of Staphylococcus aureus Bacteraemia Treatment in a UK District General Hospital

An overview of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus with a focus on developing countries

Key to antimicrobial stewardship success: Surveillance by diagnostic microbiology laboratories

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