2020
DOI: 10.3857/roj.2020.00318
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Clinical management of uveal melanoma: a comprehensive review with a treatment algorithm

Abstract: Melanoma is a malignancy that originates from the neoplastic proliferation of melanin-producing cells known as melanocytes, which can be primarily found in the skin, ocular region and mucous membranes. Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most frequently occurring non-cutaneous melanoma and is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults [1]. The uveal tract, a layer underlying the sclera of the eye, includes the iris, ciliary body and choroid. Around 95% of uveal melanomas arise from the choroidal melanocyt… Show more

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Cited by 14 publications
(12 citation statements)
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“…The mean age-adjusted incidence is 5.2 per million [1] and shows a north-to-south decreasing gradient in Europe [2], with the highest current mean incidence of 9.5 per million in Ireland [3]. The treatment approach of the primary tumor depends on the tumor size, patient preference, and tumor localization, most commonly by brachytherapy or enucleation [4,5]. The most important risk factor for the development of metastases is monosomy 3, and at least 40-50% of patients will develop metastases, predominantly to the liver [6,7].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The mean age-adjusted incidence is 5.2 per million [1] and shows a north-to-south decreasing gradient in Europe [2], with the highest current mean incidence of 9.5 per million in Ireland [3]. The treatment approach of the primary tumor depends on the tumor size, patient preference, and tumor localization, most commonly by brachytherapy or enucleation [4,5]. The most important risk factor for the development of metastases is monosomy 3, and at least 40-50% of patients will develop metastases, predominantly to the liver [6,7].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…COMS criteria defined small and medium choroidal melanomas as having an apical height of 3 and 3–8 mm, respectively ( 12 ).…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…SS-OCTA has also been used for the differential diagnosis of choroidal melanomas and other masses, such as nevi, circumscribed choroidal hemangioma, optic disk melanocytoma, retinal astrocytic hamartoma, or metastasis [ 71 , 72 ]. Choroidal nevi, retinal hamartoma, and circumscribed choroidal hemangioma are the only lesions with well-demarcated borders.…”
Section: Choroidal Melanoma and Choroidal Nevi On Optical Coherence T...mentioning
confidence: 99%