Clinical manifestations of gastrointestinal diseases in the oral cavity

Al-Zahrani, Mohammad S.; Alhassani, Ahmed A.; Zawawi, Khalid H.

doi:10.1016/j.sdentj.2021.09.017

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…In the current study, few participants reported a history of upper or lower gastrointestinal (GI) tract disease, with peptic ulcer, chronic gastritis, and inflammatory bowel disease being the most prevalent. Little is known about the prevalence of GI tract diseases in Saudi Arabia [ 18 ]. However, several studies have attempted to assess the prevalence of specific types of GI tract diseases, such as the study by Albaqawi et al, which found that the prevalence of peptic ulcer and duodenal ulcers among the general population in the Arar region of Saudi Arabia was 16.2% and 5.6%, respectively [ 19 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge and Awareness About Gastric Cancer Among the General Population in Al-Baha City, Saudi Arabia

Alghamdi,

Alshareef,

Alzahrani

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Background Gastric cancer is a significant health concern worldwide, and its incidence varies across different populations. This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge and awareness of gastric cancer among the general population in Al-Baha City, Saudi Arabia. Methodology This is a cross-sectional study that was conducted among the residents of Al-Baha city older than 18 years. The study was conducted based on a questionnaire that has been developed by a previous study. Data were initially recorded in an Excel sheet before being exported to the SPSS program, version 25 for data analysis. Results The survey included 426 respondents from Al-Baha city, Saudi Arabia, with 56.8% being females and the majority being in the age groups (21-30 years). Alcohol consumption (mean=4.5, SD= 0.77), smoking cigarettes or Shisha (mean= 4.38, SD=0.852), family history of gastric cancer (mean= 4, SD=1.008), a past medical history of gastric cancer (mean= 3.99, SD=0.911), stomach ulcer (mean=3.76, SD=0.898), and consumption of smoked food (mean= 3.69, SD=0.956) are the most widely recognized risk factors. The most highly recognized symptoms are gastrointestinal bleeding (mean= 4.03, SD=0.875), abdominal lump (mean= 3.94, SD=0.926), weight loss (mean= 3.93, SD=0.963), recurrent nausea and vomiting (mean=3.76, SD=0.956), and abdominal pain (mean= 3.57, SD=0.995). The study also identified several subgroups of the population that may benefit from targeted educational programs, including individuals in the age group of 41-50 years and those in non-medical occupations. Conclusion The study found that participants had a moderate level of knowledge about the risk factors and symptoms of gastric cancer, with significant variability among different subgroups of the population. Further research is needed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of gastric cancer in Saudi Arabia and other similar populations, to develop effective prevention and management strategies for this disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge and Awareness About Gastric Cancer Among the General Population in Al-Baha City, Saudi Arabia

Alghamdi,

Alshareef,

Alzahrani

et al. 2023

Cureus

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“…Moreover, the elevated bone fracture risk, osteoporosis, and osteopenia were studied and confirmed to be present in chronic inflammatory disorders, due to the action of inflammation factors (such as IL-6, TNF, and IL-1β) [ 24 ]. In addition, aspects such as poor nutrition, hemorrhage, or infection should be taken into consideration when assessing a dental implants survival rate [ 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Analysis of the Available Human Clinical Studies of Dental Implant Failure in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

et al. 2022

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Background and objectives: The aim was to evaluate the current literature on the influence of inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis/Crohn’s disease) in dental implant osseointegration in human clinical studies. Materials and methods: This review was conducted under the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines. PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were electronic screened to find relevant articles published until October 2021. The inclusion criteria consisted of human clinical studies that reported the use of dental implant in patients diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease. Risk of bias was assessed according to The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology criteria. Results: A total of 786 studies were identified from databases. Of these, six studies were included in the review and reported the use of implants in patients with Crohn’s disease. No articles were available for ulcerative colitis. Included articles indicated that Crohn’s disease may determine early and late implant failure. Besides Crohn’s disease, several patients presented associated risk factors and systemic disease that determined implant failure. Conclusions: The presence of clinical studies on the influence of IBD in implant therapy is low. When recommending an implant therapy to IBD patients, the multidisciplinary team should be aware of side effects and a close collaboration between members of this team is necessary. More data are needed to sustain the effect of IBD on implant therapy.

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“…Gingival tissues commonly have a pale pink color, although the color may be related to the person’s skin color, tissue thickness, degree of keratinization, and various comorbidities [ 33 , 42 ]. Additionally, the level of circulating hemoglobin may influence the coloration, and it should be noted that AD-related anemia is not uncommon due to a heterogeneous panel of digestive complications; some anemia-related oral anomalies are also detectable before the actual diagnosis of the underlying condition [ 43 , 44 ]. Dantas et al described the first case of oral multifocal melanoacanthoma (a rare, benign, pigmented lesion, usually involving both melanocytes and keratinocytes) in a 50-year-old patient who was newly diagnosed with synchronous AD and Basedow–Graves disease [ 31 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Approach to Addison Disease: Oral Manifestations Due to Endocrine Dysfunction and Comorbidity Burden

et al. 2022

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This review highlights oral anomalies with major clinical impact in Addison disease (AD), including dental health and dermatologic features, through a dual perspective: pigmentation issues and AD comorbidities with oral manifestations. Affecting 92% of AD patients, cutaneomucosal hyperpigmentation is synchronous with or precedes general manifestations by up to a decade, underlying melanocytic infiltration of the basal epidermal layer; melanophages in the superficial dermis; and, rarely, acanthosis, perivascular lymphocytic infiltrate, and hyperkeratosis. Intraoral pigmentation might be the only sign of AD; thus, early recognition is mandatory, and biopsy is helpful in selected cases. The buccal area is the most affected location; other sites are palatine arches, lips, gums, and tongue. Pigmented oral lesions are patchy or diffuse; mostly asymptomatic; and occasionally accompanied by pain, itchiness, and burn-like lesions. Pigmented lingual patches are isolated or multiple, located on dorsal and lateral areas; fungiform pigmented papillae are also reported in AD individuals. Dermoscopy examination is particularly indicated for fungal etiology; yet, it is not routinely performed. AD’s comorbidity burden includes the cluster of autoimmune polyglandular syndrome (APS) type 1 underlying AIRE gene malfunction. Chronic cutaneomucosal candidiasis (CMC), including oral CMC, represents the first sign of APS1 in 70–80% of cases, displaying autoantibodies against interleukin (IL)-17A, IL-17F ± IL-22, and probably a high mucosal concentration of interferon (IFN)-γ. CMC is prone to systemic candidiasis, representing a procarcinogenic status due to Th17 cell anomalies. In APS1, the first cause of mortality is infections (24%), followed by oral and esophageal cancers (15%). Autoimmune hypoparathyroidism (HyP) is the earliest endocrine element in APS1; a combination of CMC by the age of 5 years and dental enamel hypoplasia (the most frequent dental complication of pediatric HyP) by the age of 15 is an indication for HyP assessment. Children with HyP might experience short dental roots, enamel opacities, hypodontia, and eruption dysfunctions. Copresence of APS-related type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) enhances the risk of CMC, as well as periodontal disease (PD). Anemia-related mucosal pallor is related to DM, hypothyroidism, hypogonadism, corresponding gastroenterological diseases (Crohn’s disease also presents oral ulceration (OU), mucogingivitis, and a 2-3 times higher risk of PD; Biermer anemia might cause hyperpigmentation by itself), and rheumatologic diseases (lupus induces OU, honeycomb plaques, keratotic plaques, angular cheilitis, buccal petechial lesions, and PD). In more than half of the patients, associated vitiligo involves depigmentation of oral mucosa at different levels (palatal, gingival, alveolar, buccal mucosa, and lips). Celiac disease may manifest xerostomia, dry lips, OU, sialadenitis, recurrent aphthous stomatitis and dental enamel defects in children, a higher prevalence of caries and dentin sensitivity, and gingival bleeding. Oral pigmented lesions might provide a useful index of suspicion for AD in apparently healthy individuals, and thus an adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation is useful. The spectrum of autoimmune AD comorbidities massively complicates the overall picture of oral manifestations.

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Clinical manifestations of gastrointestinal diseases in the oral cavity

Cited by 7 publications

References 90 publications

Knowledge and Awareness About Gastric Cancer Among the General Population in Al-Baha City, Saudi Arabia

Knowledge and Awareness About Gastric Cancer Among the General Population in Al-Baha City, Saudi Arabia

A Systematic Analysis of the Available Human Clinical Studies of Dental Implant Failure in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

New Approach to Addison Disease: Oral Manifestations Due to Endocrine Dysfunction and Comorbidity Burden

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