Clinical, molecular, and epidemiological characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), a comprehensive literature review

Ortíz-Prado, Esteban; Simbaña-Rivera, Katherine; Barreno, Lenin Gómez; Rubio-Neira, Mario; Guamán, Linda P.; Kyriakidis, Nikolaos C; Muslin, Claire; Jaramillo, Ana María Gómez; Barba-Ostria, Carlos; Cevallos-Robalino, Doménica; Sanches-SanMiguel, Hugo; Unigarro, Luis; Žalakevičiūtė, Rasa; Gadian, Naomi; López‐Cortés, Andrés

doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115094

Cited by 372 publications

(401 citation statements)

References 223 publications

(212 reference statements)

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“…Data so far suggest that SARS-CoV-2 might directly dysregulate kidney and liver normal function as well as peripheral blood components, ultimately leading to multiple organ failure and death (2)(3)(4). Mortality from COVID-19 has been systematically associated with older age, and the presence of comorbidities, primarily hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular and lung disease in many different populations (5). To our knowledge, this is the first study in Greece that investigates the mortality in COVID-19 patients in Greece and also the predictors of this mortality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Athens, Greece

Giannoglou

Meimeti

Provatopoulou

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: The epidemic of COVID-19 has rapidly spread worldwide, with millions of confirmed cases and related deaths. Numerous efforts are being made to clarify how the infection progresses and potential factors associated with disease severity and mortality. We investigated the mortality in Greek hospitalized COVID-19 patients and also the predictors of this mortality. Methods: Study population included 512 COVID-19 patients admitted to the hospitals of the Attica region of Greece. Patients demographic characteristics, comorbidities, allergies, previous vaccination for seasonal influenza virus, admission to ICU, intubation, and death were recorded. Potential predictors of in-hospital mortality were identified by regression analysis. Results: The mean age of hospitalized patients was 60.4 years, and was higher in patients who deceased. The most common comorbidities were respiratory diseases, hypertension, gastrointestinal disorders, dyslipidemia, mental health diseases, asthma, diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. The need for ICU care and intubation was significantly higher among patients who died. The mortality rate was 15.8% (81 out of 512). Age ≥65 years, cancer, chronic kidney disease, endocrine diseases, central nervous system disorders, anemia, and intubation were independently associated with increased in-hospital mortality, while allergies and previous influenza vaccination were associated with decreased in-hospital mortality. Conclusion: Our finding of a beneficial effect of allergies and influenza vaccination against COVID-19 infection merits further investigation, as it may shed light in the mechanisms underlying disease progression and severity. Most importantly, it may assist in the implementation of efficient protective measures and public healthcare policies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Athens, Greece

Giannoglou

Meimeti

Provatopoulou

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…This shows a dramatic change in the epidemiological dynamics of COVID-19. (5) (4) (15) Thailand is the first country outside China to report cases of COVID-19. After Thailand, the next countries that reported the first causes of COVID-19 were Japan and South Korea which then developed to other countries.…”

Section: B Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Perinatal transmission has not been detected. (15) Airborne transmission can occur in conditions that produce aerosols, such as: endotracheal intubation, bronchoscopy, open suctioning, nebulizer therapy, taking nasopharyngeal swabs, moving the patient to the prone position, releasing the patient from the ventilator, tracheostomy, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and centrifugation in the laboratory. 24) (25)…”

Section: Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Epidemiology of COVID-19, Attitudes and Behaviors of the Community During the Covid Pandemic in Indonesia

Kahar¹,

Dirawan²,

Samad³

et al. 2020

IJISRT

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The rapid development of COVID-19 cases in Indonesia, as well as the spread of COVID-19 which has almost reached all provinces in Indonesia with the number of cases and the number of deaths increasing, has put Indonesia in a public health emergency. The high number of cases of death in Indonesia with CFR (5.0%) is very disturbing and worrisome for the community. Our review focuses on the epidemiology of the spread of COVID-19 in Indonesia as well as changes in people's attitudes and behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic. Indonesia is also infected by this virus. COVID-19 in Indonesia first reported two cases on March 2, 2020. On March 11, 2020, for the first time an Indonesian citizen died from Covid-19. East Java Province is the province with the most positive cases found. Because a vaccine that can dispel COVID-19 has not been found, in the end the Stay At Home movement is the most appropriate alternative to reduce the chance of contracting COVID-19 while maintaining cleanliness such as providing disinfectants, using masks, washing hands, exercising physical distance, avoiding crowds and so on. -Other etc. As a result, all activities are hampered, be it in the fields of economy, tourism, and others. Of course, many losses have been caused. However, seen from the obstacles that have occurred, there have been some significant changes that have occurred, especially in the attitude of the community so that they can continue their activities until these attitudes have turned into new habits. What is most visible from changes in community behavior is the discipline of people wearing masks, maintaining physical distance, and always maintaining hand hygiene. In essence, many innovative behaviors suddenly emerged during the COVID-19 outbreak.

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“…The pandemic caused by the emergence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), causing a novel infection (COVID- 19) in humans, has come at a tremendous cost to society and the healthcare sector in particular 1 . Pregnant women are more likely to need intensive care treatment related to COVID-19 as compared to non-pregnant women of reproductive age 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrauterine SARS-CoV-2 infection – a case confirming transplacental transmission followed by divergence of the viral genome

Zaigham

Holmberg

Karlberg

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Pregnant women and their newborns may be at particular risk for poor outcomes due to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Intrauterine SARS-CoV-2 transmission has been suggested but most reports have not ruled out postpartum infection. We demonstrate a confirmed case of transplacental transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in a neonate born to a mother infected in the third trimester. Comprehensive virological, pathological and genetic investigations establish that intrauterine SARS-CoV-2 transmission occurred via the following chain of events; I) maternal viremia in a seemingly mildly symptomatic patient, II) high viral load in the placenta with massive perivillous fibrin deposition, acute intervillositis in areas with strong positivity for SARS-CoV-2 and chorangiosis in the areas less affected by infection and inflammation, III) intrauterine fetal distress with pathological cardiotocography and acidemia in validated umbilical cord blood gases and IV) mild neonatal COVID-19. Whole genome sequencing of isolates from the mother and placenta revealed a single variant of the virus. Interestingly, the neonate displayed a mixed SARS-CoV-2 population, harboring both an identical strain to the mother as well as a population with one single-nucleotide polymorphism difference, indicating intrapatient genetic drift.

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Clinical, molecular, and epidemiological characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), a comprehensive literature review

Cited by 372 publications

References 223 publications

Predictors of mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Athens, Greece

Predictors of mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Athens, Greece

The Epidemiology of COVID-19, Attitudes and Behaviors of the Community During the Covid Pandemic in Indonesia

Intrauterine SARS-CoV-2 infection – a case confirming transplacental transmission followed by divergence of the viral genome

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Clinical, molecular, and epidemiological characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), a comprehensive literature review

Cited by 372 publications

References 223 publications

Predictors of mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Athens, Greece

Predictors of mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Athens, Greece

The Epidemiology of COVID-19, Attitudes and Behaviors of the Community During the Covid Pandemic in Indonesia

Intrauterine SARS-CoV-2 infection – a case confirming transplacental&nbsp;transmission followed by divergence of the viral genome

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Intrauterine SARS-CoV-2 infection – a case confirming transplacental transmission followed by divergence of the viral genome