Clinical, morphological, and molecular characterization of an undetermined Babesia species in a maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus)

Naor, Adi Wasserkrug; Lindemann, D.; Schreeg, Megan E.; Marr, Henry S.; Birkenheuer, Adam J.; Carpenter, James W.; Ryseff, Julia K.

doi:10.1016/j.ttbdis.2018.09.005

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The blue clade contained B. lotori from a raccoon in Illinois (USA) (DQ028958, Birkenheuer et al, 2006), a B. sp. from a captive maned wolf (KR017880, Wasserkrug Naor et al, 2019), and raccoons from our study from Pennsylvania, Missouri, and California (USA). Sequences within the purple and blue clades were 99% similar to one another.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, a captive maned wolf ( Chrysocyon brachyurus ) in a zoo from Missouri was seen fighting with a wild raccoon and was later diagnosed with B. lotori, a species of Babesia found in raccoons (Schnellbacher unpublished). Another maned wolf in a zoo in Kansas was also recently reported to suffer from babesiosis associated with B. lotori (Wasserkrug Naor et al, 2019). An additional study on piroplasms in young raccoons from Minnesota had evidence of clinical disease (splenomegaly) associated with B. s.s .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence, distribution, and diversity of cryptic piroplasm infections in raccoons from selected areas of the United States and Canada

Garrett

Hernández

Balsamo

et al. 2019

International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife

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The order Piroplasmida contains a diverse group of intracellular parasites, many of which can cause significant disease in humans, domestic animals, and wildlife. Two piroplasm species have been reported from raccoons ( Procyon lotor ), Babesia lotori ( Babesia sensu stricto clade) and a species related to Babesia microti (called B. microti -like sp.). The goal of this study was to investigate prevalence, distribution, and diversity of Babesia in raccoons. We tested raccoons from selected regions in the United States and Canada for the presence of Babesia sensu stricto and Babesia microti -like sp. piroplasms. Infections of Babesia microti -like sp. were found in nearly all locations sampled, often with high prevalence, while Babesia sensu stricto infections had higher prevalence in the Southeastern United States (20–45% prevalence). Co-infections with both Babesia sp. were common. Sequencing of the partial 18S rRNA and cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 ( cox1 ) genes led to the discovery of two new Babesia species, both found in several locations in the eastern and western United States. One novel Babesia sensu stricto sp. was most similar to Babesia gibsoni while the other Babesia species was present in the ‘western piroplasm’ group and was related to Babesia conradae . Phylogenetic analysis of the cox1 sequences indicated possible eastern and western genetic variants for the three Babesia sensu stricto species. Additional analyses are needed to characterize these novel species; however, this study indicates there are now at least four species of piroplasms infecting raccoons in the United States and Canada ( Babesia microti -like sp., Babesia lotori, a novel Babesia sensu stricto sp., a novel western Babesia sp.) and a possible fifth species ( Babesia sensu stricto) in raccoons in Japan.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, distribution, and diversity of cryptic piroplasm infections in raccoons from selected areas of the United States and Canada

Garrett

Hernández

Balsamo

et al. 2019

International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife

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“…The most interesting finding, however, was that sequences obtained from seven cats, six from the Western Cape Province and one from Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, constituted a novel Babesia group with 96% identity to Babesia spp. previously described from captive maned wolves ( Chrysocyon brachyurus ) [41, 42], raccoons ( Procyon lotor ) from the USA [43] and Japan [44, 45] and from ticks collected from dogs in Japan [46]. Three genetic variants were identified within this novel Babesia group (designated “Novel Babesia sp.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The same Babesia sp. was incriminated in causing severe clinical babesiosis in two South American maned wolves from the same zoological park in Kansas, USA [41, 42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A novel Babesia sp. associated with clinical signs of babesiosis in domestic cats in South Africa

et al. 2019

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BackgroundFeline babesiosis, sporadically reported from various countries, is of major clinical significance in South Africa, particularly in certain coastal areas. Babesia felis, B. leo, B. lengau and B. microti have been reported from domestic cats in South Africa. Blood specimens from domestic cats (n = 18) showing clinical signs consistent with feline babesiosis and confirmed to harbour Babesia spp. piroplasms by microscopy of blood smears and/or reverse line blot (RLB) hybridization were further investigated. Twelve of the RLB-positive specimens had reacted with the Babesia genus-specific probe only, which would suggest the presence of a novel or previously undescribed Babesia species. The aim of this study was to characterise these organisms using 18S rRNA gene sequence analysis.ResultsThe parasite 18S rRNA gene was cloned and sequenced from genomic DNA from blood samples. Assembled sequences were used to construct similarity matrices and phylogenetic relationships with known Babesia spp. Fifty-five 18S rRNA gene sequences were obtained. Sequences from 6 cats were most closely related to published B. felis sequences (99–100% sequence identity), while sequences from 5 cats were most closely related to B. leo sequences (99–100% sequence identity). One of these was the first record of B. leo in Mozambique. One sequence had 100% sequence identity with the published B. microti Otsu strain. The most significant finding was that sequences from 7 cats constituted a novel Babesia group with 96% identity to Babesia spp. previously recorded from a maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus), a raccoon (Procyon lotor) from the USA and feral raccoons from Japan, as well as from ticks collected from dogs in Japan.ConclusionsBabesia leo was unambiguously linked to babesiosis in cats. Our results indicate the presence of a novel potentially pathogenic Babesia sp. in felids in South Africa, which is not closely related to B. felis, B. lengau and B. leo, the species known to be pathogenic to cats in South Africa. Due to the lack of an appropriate type-specimen, we refrain from describing a new species but refer to the novel organism as Babesia sp. cat Western Cape.

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Phylogenetic inferences based on distinct molecular markers reveals a novel Babesia (Babesia pantanalensis nov. sp.) and a Hepatozoon americanum-related genotype in crab-eating foxes (Cerdocyon thous)

Calchi,

Braga,

Bassini-Silva

et al. 2024

Experimental Parasitology

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Clinical, morphological, and molecular characterization of an undetermined Babesia species in a maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus)

Cited by 7 publications

References 7 publications

Prevalence, distribution, and diversity of cryptic piroplasm infections in raccoons from selected areas of the United States and Canada

Prevalence, distribution, and diversity of cryptic piroplasm infections in raccoons from selected areas of the United States and Canada

A novel Babesia sp. associated with clinical signs of babesiosis in domestic cats in South Africa

Phylogenetic inferences based on distinct molecular markers reveals a novel Babesia (Babesia pantanalensis nov. sp.) and a Hepatozoon americanum-related genotype in crab-eating foxes (Cerdocyon thous)

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