Clinical ocular findings in cows with malignant catarrhal fever: ocular disease progression and outcome in 25 cases (2007–2010)

Zemljič, Tadej; Pot, Simon A.; Haessig, Michael; Spiess, Bernhard M.

doi:10.1111/j.1463-5224.2011.00925.x

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…25,118 Currently, there is renewed interest in vaccination for this group of viruses, a goal long thought out of reach due to discouraging results in the 1970s and 1980s. 32,75,118,125,126 It is now clear that some dead-end host species recover, 92,93,153 corroborating clinical suspicions from the late 1920s and early 1930s that MCF is not invariably fatal. Important differences exist between the ecology of sheep-and wildebeest-associated MCF.…”

mentioning

confidence: 78%

“…With the availability of serological and molecular diagnostic assays, it is clear that a fraction of acutely affected cattle recover. 92,93,153 Cattle surviving acute MCF generally have chronic lesions in medium-caliber arteries and in cornea. 92 Vascular lesions consist of proliferative arteriopathy with varying degrees of recanalization.…”

Section: Mcf In Domestic Cattlementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Pathology of Malignant Catarrhal Fever, With an Emphasis on Ovine Herpesvirus 2

O’Toole

2014

Vet Pathol

129

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The enigmatic pathogenesis of malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) involves dysregulated immune responses in susceptible ruminant species. Economically important outbreaks of MCF are due to 2 of the 10 viruses currently comprising the malignant catarrhal fever virus group: ovine herpesvirus 2 (OvHV-2) and alcelaphine herpesvirus 1 (AlHV-1). Attempts to develop effective vaccines for this group of viruses in the 1970s were sufficiently discouraging that they were temporarily abandoned. This review focuses on recent efforts to understand the pathogenesis of MCF, particularly the sheep-associated form of the disease, with the goal of developing rational control methods, including vaccination. The past 2 decades have seen several advances, including recognition of new members of the MCF virus group, better diagnostic assays, induction of disease by a natural route (aerosol), and clearer understanding of OvHV-2's shedding patterns by domestic sheep. A consistent theme in experimental studies of OvHV-2 in susceptible species is that there are 2 peaks of OvHV-2 gene expression: a preclinical peak involving the respiratory tract and a second in multiple organ systems leading to clinical disease. Latent and lytic gene expression may coexist in tissues during clinical stages in symptomatic animals.Keywords bison, cattle, malignant catarrhal fever, ovine herpesvirus 2, sheep, virus, alcelaphine herpesvirus 1, vasculitisIn 1997, we were approached by a bison producer who lost multiple adult animals to malignant catarrhal fever (MCF). 132As is often the case, the producer's questions were pragmatic and dealt with the likely source of infection, how the outbreak might be stopped, and whether effective treatment or vaccination was possible. At that time, our group had worked on MCF for several years, relying in part on case material from natural outbreaks of MCF in domestic cattle. 92,93 Diagnosticians and researchers were the beneficiaries of new diagnostic assays to confirm infection in live animals. 4,70 Unfortunately, the news for the producer was bad. The source of infection was probably domestic sheep, but the distance over which transmission was likely to occur was unknown. The producer reported that no sheep were in the immediate vicinity of her herd. Little was known about how sheep shed the virus or the duration of shedding. Since MCF was of modest interest to the cattle industry, funding for basic studies was constrained. No effective treatment existed. In the wake of that owner's outbreak, it quickly became clear that MCF was of appreciable importance to the commercial bison industry in the United States and Canada. 7,94 The long history and intriguing nature of MCF (Table 1) were small solace to the Colorado producer in the absence of practical solutions from MCF researchers. A total of 27 bison died as a result of the outbreak. Three bison remaining in the herd were butchered. Efforts to raise bison on the property were temporarily abandoned.This review summarizes recent progress in our understanding of sheep-...

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Mcf In Domestic Cattlementioning

confidence: 99%

The Pathology of Malignant Catarrhal Fever, With an Emphasis on Ovine Herpesvirus 2

O’Toole

2014

Vet Pathol

129

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) is a lethal infection of many species of Bovidae and Cervidae caused by a member of the Macavirus genus in the Gammaherpesvirinae subfamily (1,2,3). Alcelaphine herpesvirus type 1 (AlHV-1) and ovine herpesvirus type 2 are the major causative agents responsible for wildebeest-associated MCF and sheep-associated MCF, respectively (1,3). The AlHV-1 is endemic in wildebeest, in which it causes a subclinical infection (3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alcelaphine herpesvirus type 1 (AlHV-1) and ovine herpesvirus type 2 are the major causative agents responsible for wildebeest-associated MCF and sheep-associated MCF, respectively (1,3). The AlHV-1 is endemic in wildebeest, in which it causes a subclinical infection (3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever from clinical cases in Ethiopian cattle

Gelaye¹,

Mekonnen²,

Jenberie³

et al. 2013

Rev. Sci. Tech. OIE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mucoid nasal discharge, loss of weight, decreased milk production, diarrhoea, salivation, dyspnoea, fever, lacrimation, bilateral corneal opacity and bloody urine were observed in cattle located in the Arbe Gona district of southern Ethiopia. The disease was associated with a high case fatality rate: diseased cattle died within four to five days after showing clinical signs. The clinical presentation, gross pathological observations, histopathological findings and epidemiological data strongly suggested malignant catarrhal fever. Subsequently, the ovine herpesvirus type 2 (OvHV-2) DNA polymerase (UL30) gene was detected in pathological tissue samples using pan-herpesvirus nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time PCR. As far as the authors are aware, this is the first report of a diagnostic investigation resulting in the detection of ovine OvHV-2 in cattle and confirming the existence of sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever in Ethiopia.

show abstract

“…Typical signs of the head and eye form are opacity of the cornea, with a narrow grey ring at the corneo-scleral junction. A study conducted to investigate a possible correlation between the severity and progression of certain typical clinical signs and disease outcome indicated that in the surviving cases there was improvement in uveitis and no deterioration of corneal oedema and which usually worsens in fatal cases as the disease progresses thus concluding that the progression of corneal edema correlates well with disease outcome, and that non improvement of uveitis is a bad prognostic sign [91]. The characteristics of the head and eye form include extreme dejection, agalactia, high fever (41-41°C), rapid pulse rate (100-120 bpm), mucopurulent nasal discharge ( Fig.…”

Section: Clinical Signs and Pathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sheep associated malignant catarrhal fever: an emerging disease of bovids in India

2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Clinical ocular findings in cows with malignant catarrhal fever: ocular disease progression and outcome in 25 cases (2007–2010)

Abstract: The degree of corneal edema at first examination had no prognostic value for the disease outcome. The results of this study suggest that the progression of corneal edema correlates well with disease outcome, and that nonimprovement of uveitis is a bad prognostic sign.

Cited by 12 publications

References 35 publications

The Pathology of Malignant Catarrhal Fever, With an Emphasis on Ovine Herpesvirus 2

The Pathology of Malignant Catarrhal Fever, With an Emphasis on Ovine Herpesvirus 2

Detection of sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever from clinical cases in Ethiopian cattle

Sheep associated malignant catarrhal fever: an emerging disease of bovids in India

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About